{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T08:28:23Z","timestamp":1790756903868,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,26]],"date-time":"2020-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C45874\/A27016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C45874\/A27016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"UK Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["MC_UU_12017\/12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MC_UU_12017\/12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Scottish Chief Scientist Office","award":["SPHSU-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SPHSU-12"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>E-cigarettes were one measure introduced to help people in custody (PiC) to prepare for and cope with implementation of comprehensive smokefree policies in Scottish prisons. Our earlier study explored experiences of vaping when e-cigarettes were first introduced and most participants were dual tobacco and e-cigarette users. Here we present findings of a subsequent study of vaping among a different sample of PiC when use of tobacco was prohibited in prison, and smokefree policy had become the norm.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Twenty-eight qualitative interviews were conducted with PiC who were current or former users of e-cigarettes in prison, 6\u201310 months after implementation of a smokefree policy. Data were managed and analyzed using the framework approach.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PiC reported that vaping helped with mandated smoking abstinence. However, findings suggest that some PiC may be susceptible to heavy e-cigarette use potentially as a consequence of high nicotine dependence and situational factors such as e-cigarette product choice and availability in prisons; issues with nicotine delivery; prison regimes; and use of e-cigarettes for managing negative emotions. These factors may act as barriers to cutting down or stopping use of e-cigarettes by PiC who want to make changes due to dissatisfaction with vaping or lack of interest in continued use of nicotine, cost, and\/or health concerns.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>E-cigarettes helped PiC to cope with smokefree rules, although concerns about e-cigarette efficacy, cost, and safety were raised. PiC may desire or benefit both from conventional smoking cessation programs and from interventions to support reduction, or cessation, of vaping.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Findings highlight successes, challenges, and potential solutions in respect of use of e-cigarettes to cope with mandated smoking abstinence in populations with high smoking prevalence and heavy nicotine dependence. Experiences from prisons in Scotland may be of particular interest to health and\/or justice services in other jurisdictions, with similar legislation on e-cigarettes to the United Kingdom, who are planning for institutional smokefree policies in their prisons or inpatient mental health settings in the future.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntaa271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,19]],"date-time":"2020-12-19T07:55:00Z","timestamp":1608364500000},"page":"939-946","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["E-cigarette Use in Prisons With Recently Established Smokefree Policies: A Qualitative Interview Study With People in Custody in Scotland"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2307-5916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley","family":"Brown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Marketing and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2713-1847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel","family":"O\u2019Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Marketing and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Eadie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Marketing and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison","family":"Ford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Marketing and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8692-5407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Marketing and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Hackett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3321-5732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen","family":"Sweeting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC\/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Berkeley Square, Glasgow, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Bauld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Usher Institute and SPECTRUM Consortium, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Marketing and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2021052607103842800_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.2008.026393","article-title":"Tobacco in prisons: a focus group study","volume":"18","author":"Richmond","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021052607103842800_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1465-3362.2012.00435.x","article-title":"The challenges of reducing tobacco use among prisoners","volume":"31","author":"Richmond","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Rev"},{"key":"2021052607103842800_CIT0003","article-title":"Tobacco smoking and incarceration: expanding the \u201clast poor smoker\u201d thesis. 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