{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:24:36Z","timestamp":1790400276537,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]],"date-time":"2021-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIDA K12 DA043490"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIDA K12 DA043490"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Individuals in treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) have high smoking rates and limited success with Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved cessation aids, suggesting need for novel approaches. Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) might benefit this population, but e-cigarettes\u2019 acceptability for tobacco reduction or cessation among smokers in OUD treatment is not known.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A cross-sectional mixed-methods study of 222 adults in OUD treatment with buprenorphine in the Boston, Massachusetts metropolitan area was conducted in 2020. We used quantitative and qualitative data to investigate individuals\u2019 experience with and interest in e-cigarettes and other methods for smoking cessation and assessed factors associated with interest in e-cigarette use.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>One hundred sixty (72%) of the 222 participants were past 30-day cigarette smokers. They most frequently reported having ever used nicotine replacement therapy (NRT; 83%) and e-cigarettes (71%) for smoking cessation and most often indicated interest in using NRT (71%) and e-cigarettes (44%) for future smoking cessation. In multiple logistic regression analysis, interest in using e-cigarettes for future smoking cessation was independently associated with having ever used e-cigarettes for smoking cessation, current e-cigarette use, and perceiving e-cigarettes to be less harmful than cigarettes (ps &amp;lt; .05). In qualitative data, many current vapers\/former smokers reported that e-cigarettes had been helpful for quitting cigarettes. For current smokers who currently or formerly vaped, frequently reported challenges in switching to e-cigarettes were concerns about replacing one addiction with another and e-cigarettes not adequately substituting for cigarettes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>E-cigarettes had a moderate level of acceptability for smoking cessation among cigarette smokers in OUD treatment. More research is warranted to test the efficacy of this approach.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Individuals in treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) have high smoking rates and limited success with existing smoking cessation tools, suggesting a need for novel cessation treatment approaches. In this mixed-methods study of individuals receiving medication treatment for OUD with buprenorphine in Massachusetts in 2020, we found a moderate level of acceptability of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntab259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T12:11:51Z","timestamp":1639483911000},"page":"1134-1138","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Interest in Electronic Cigarettes for Smoking Cessation Among Adults With Opioid Use Disorder in Buprenorphine Treatment: A Mixed-Methods Investigation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7842-9080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna M","family":"Streck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston MA , USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Regan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan","family":"Neil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City, OK , USA"},{"name":"Health Promotion Research Center, Stephenson Cancer Center , Oklahoma City, OK , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1815-3828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Kalkhoran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priya S","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Bearnot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faith K","family":"Coker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly M","family":"Kalagher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elyse R","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston MA , USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Wakeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy A","family":"Rigotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-020-00701-z","article-title":"Achieving smoking cessation among persons with opioid use disorder","volume":"34","author":"Vlad","year":"2020","journal-title":"CNS Drugs."},{"key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0002","volume-title":"Smoking Cessation. A Report of the Surgeon General","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services.","year":"2020"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/HRP.0000000000000075","article-title":"Medication-assisted treatment of opioid use disorder: review of the evidence and future directions","volume":"23","author":"Connery","year":"2015","journal-title":"Harv Rev Psychiatry."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0120581","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120581","article-title":"Tobacco-related mortality among persons with mental health and substance abuse problems","volume":"10","author":"Bandiera","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2014.04.001","article-title":"Smoking cessation treatment among office-based buprenorphine treatment patients","volume":"47","author":"Nahvi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Subst Abuse Treat."},{"key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.108164","article-title":"Quit ratios for cigarette smoking among individuals with opioid misuse and opioid use disorder in the United States","volume":"214","author":"Parker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0007","volume-title":"Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes","author":"National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine.","year":"2018"},{"key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0008","first-page":"CD010216","article-title":"Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation","volume":"10","author":"Hartmann-Boyce","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2014.11.002","article-title":"E-cigarette knowledge, attitudes, and use in opioid dependent smokers","volume":"52","author":"Stein","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Subst Abuse Treat."},{"key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.12.012","article-title":"Electronic cigarette and tobacco use in individuals entering methadone or buprenorphine treatment","volume":"197","author":"Baldassarri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2021.106947","article-title":"Correlates of e-cigarette use for smoking cessation among clients in residential substance use disorder treatment","volume":"119","author":"Masson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Addict Behav."},{"key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.108438","article-title":"Perceived risk, attitudes, and behavior of cigarette smokers and nicotine vapers receiving buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"218","author":"Streck","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntr137","article-title":"Determinants of tobacco use and renaming the FTND to the Fagerstrom Test for Cigarette Dependence","volume":"14","author":"Fagerstr\u00f6m","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res Off J Soc Res Nicotine Tob"},{"key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0014","volume-title":"The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research","author":"Glaser","year":"2009"},{"key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1177\/109019817400200403","article-title":"Historical origins of the Health Belief Model","volume":"2","author":"Rosenstock","year":"1974","journal-title":"Health Educ Monogr"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S96","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntaa186","article-title":"E-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury: looking back, moving forward","volume":"22","author":"King","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s11166-020-09329-2","article-title":"News that takes your breath away: risk perceptions during an outbreak of vaping-related lung injuries","volume":"60","author":"Dave","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Risk Uncertain."},{"issue":"5","key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntv267","article-title":"An open trial of electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation among methadone-maintained smokers","volume":"18","author":"Stein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res."},{"key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2018.07.003","article-title":"A pilot investigation of the effect of electronic cigarettes on smoking behavior among opioid-dependent smokers","volume":"91","author":"Felicione","year":"2019","journal-title":"Addict Behav."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022061515193192500_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14844","article-title":"Understanding decisions to use e-cigarettes or behavioural support to quit tobacco: a qualitative study of current and ex-smokers and stop smoking service staff","volume":"115","author":"Hartwell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Addiction."}],"container-title":["Nicotine &amp; Tobacco Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ntr\/ntab259\/42073221\/ntab259.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article-pdf\/24\/7\/1134\/44081802\/ntab259.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article-pdf\/24\/7\/1134\/44081802\/ntab259.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]],"date-time":"2022-06-15T15:25:02Z","timestamp":1655306702000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article\/24\/7\/1134\/6463503"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ntr\/ntab259","relation":{},"ISSN":["1469-994X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1469-994X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]]}}}