{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T03:12:49Z","timestamp":1785035569603,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,3]],"date-time":"2022-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011094","name":"Public Health Agency of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011094","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Applied Public Health Research Chair"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000008","name":"Health Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000008","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014660","name":"UK Society for the Study of Addiction","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014660","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RE12936"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RE12936"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R37CA222002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R37CA222002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Little is known about the international impact of E-cigarette or Vaping-Associated Lung Injury (\u2018EVALI\u2019) on youth perceptions of vaping harms.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Repeat cross-sectional online surveys of youth aged 16\u201319 years in England, Canada, and the United States before (2017, 2018), during (2019 August\/September), and after (2020 February\/March, 2020 August) the \u2018EVALI\u2019 outbreak (N = 63380). Logistic regressions assessed trends, country differences, and associations between exposure to negative news stories about vaping and vaping harm perceptions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Exposure to negative news stories increased between 2017 and February\u2013March 2020 in England (12.6% to 34.2%), Canada (16.7% to 56.9%), and the United States (18.0% to 64.6%), accelerating during (2019) and immediately after (February\u2013March 2020) the outbreak (p &amp;lt; .001) before returning to 2019 levels by August 2020. Similarly, the accurate perception that vaping is less harmful than smoking declined between 2017 and February\u2013March 2020 in England (77.3% to 62.2%), Canada (66.3% to 43.3%), and the United States (61.3% to 34.0%), again accelerating during and immediately after the outbreak (p &amp;lt; .001). The perception that vaping takes less than a year to harm users\u2019 health and worry that vaping will damage health also doubled over this period (p \u2264 .001). Time trends were most pronounced in the United States. Exposure to negative news stories predicted the perception that vaping takes less than a year to harm health (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 1.55, 1.48-1.61) and worry that vaping will damage health (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 1.32, 1.18-1.48).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Between 2017 and February\u2013March 2020, youth exposure to negative news stories, and perceptions of vaping harms, increased, and increases were exacerbated during and immediately after \u2018EVALI\u2019. Effects were seen in all countries but were most pronounced in the United States.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This is the first study examining changes in exposure to news stories about vaping, and perceptions of vaping harms, among youth in England, Canada, and the United States before, during, and after \u2018EVALI\u2019. Between 2017 and February\u2013March 2020, youth exposure to negative news stories, and perceptions of vaping harms, increased, and increases were exacerbated during and immediately after \u2018EVALI\u2019. By August 2020, exposure to negative news stories returned to 2019 levels, while perceptions of harm were sustained. Exposure to negative news stories also predicted two of the three harm perception measures. Overall, findings suggest that \u2018EVALI\u2019 may have exacerbated youth\u2019s perceptions of vaping harms internationally.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntac088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,3]],"date-time":"2022-04-03T11:01:05Z","timestamp":1648983665000},"page":"1386-1395","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Exposure to Negative News Stories About Vaping, and Harm Perceptions of Vaping, Among Youth in England, Canada, and the United States Before and After the Outbreak of E-cigarette or Vaping-Associated Lung Injury (\u2018EVALI\u2019)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9083-2131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine","family":"East","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, ON , Canada"},{"name":"National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, 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