{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T11:26:23Z","timestamp":1788175583166,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Belgian Fund"},{"name":"Canc\u00e9ropole Lyon Auvergne Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The exploration of cognitive impairments associated with tobacco use disorder has expanded during the last decades, centrally showing working memory and executive deficits among smokers. Despite their critical role in everyday life and in the smoking cessation process, attentional abilities have seldom been explored. Previous studies yielded discordant results, and the involvement of attentional deficits in smoking habits remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Capitalizing on the Attention Network Test, a theory-grounded task allowing the simultaneous but distinct evaluation of three attentional networks (alerting, orienting, executive control), we explored attentional abilities in three groups of 25 college students (nonsmokers, light smokers, heavy smokers), matched for demographic and psychopathological characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>While light smokers did not present any deficit compared with nonsmokers, heavy smokers showed a specific impairment of the executive control subcomponent of attention, contrasting with preserved alerting and orienting attentional abilities. The executive control deficit was not related to current craving or to smoking duration.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Beyond the already explored memory and executive deficits, tobacco use disorder is associated with attentional impairments, characterized by a reduced ability to focus attentional resources on pertinent stimuli and resist to distractors interference. Given the assumed role of attentional impairments in smoking, our findings suggest that a critical step in future translational iterations is to develop neuropsychological rehabilitation programs tapping into the executive network of attention among smokers.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study clarifies the presence and extent of attentional impairments in tobacco use disorder. We measured three attention networks (alerting, orienting, executive control) in light smokers, heavy smokers and matched healthy controls through a theory-grounded task (Attention Network Test). Heavy smokers (but not light ones) present a specific deficit for the executive control of attention. This deficit, uncorrelated with psychopathological comorbidities or current craving, appears directly related to smoking. Given the currently scattered literature on this topic, attentional processes deserve a thorough audit in tobacco use disorder, notably to develop specific neurocognitive rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntac124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T11:08:36Z","timestamp":1652094516000},"page":"1906-1913","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Role of Attentional Networks in Smoking Behavior Among Young Adults: Specific Contribution of Executive Control"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0197-0810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre","family":"Maurage","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute , UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve , Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Heeren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stress and Anxiety Research Lab, Psychological Science Research Institute , UCLouvain , Louvain-la-Neuve , Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9verine","family":"Lannoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentin","family":"Flaudias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, Univ Angers, Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire , LPPL, EA 4638, Nantes , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022111214043963100_CIT0001","author":"World Health Organisation"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022111214043963100_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2016.03.11","article-title":"Lung cancer epidemiology: contemporary and future challenges worldwide","volume":"4","author":"Didkowska","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022111214043963100_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2003.07.001","article-title":"Cigarette smoking in a student sample: neurocognitive and clinical correlates","volume":"29","author":"Dinn","year":"2004","journal-title":"Addict Behav."},{"key":"2022111214043963100_CIT0004","first-page":"68","article-title":"Smoking and schizotypy","volume-title":"Psicothema.","author":"Alvarez-Lopez","year":"2001"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022111214043963100_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1812","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2012.11.004","article-title":"Associations between self-control and dimensions of nicotine dependence: a preliminary report","volume":"38","author":"Wilson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Addict Behav."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022111214043963100_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.017","article-title":"Chronic tobacco smoking and neuropsychological impairments: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"96","author":"Conti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev."},{"issue":"10","key":"2022111214043963100_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3760","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph7103760","article-title":"Chronic cigarette smoking: implications for neurocognition and brain neurobiology","volume":"7","author":"Durazzo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"issue":"4","key":"2022111214043963100_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-1600.2011.00429.x","article-title":"Neurocognitive impairments in non-deprived smokers - 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