{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T01:31:29Z","timestamp":1777426289486,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,19]],"date-time":"2022-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR001860"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR001860"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30CA093373-15S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA093373-15S"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"UC Davis Health System"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Flavored tobacco sales restrictions (FTSRs) are implemented to reduce access to flavored tobacco products. We examined the association between seven cities with local FTSRs implemented in 2018\/2019 and e-cigarette use among high school students in the California Bay Area.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed data from the California Healthy Kids Survey using a difference-in-differences (D-I-D) strategy. We compared pre- and post-policy changes one year after implementation in current and ever e-cigarette use among students attending school in a city with a FTSR (exposed) (n\u2005=\u200520 832) versus without (unexposed) (n\u2005=\u200566 126). Other outcomes included ever marijuana use in an e-cigarette and ease of access to e-cigarettes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pre- to post-policy, the adjusted odds of current and ever e-cigarette use did not significantly change among students exposed and unexposed to a FTSR. In the adjusted D-I-D analysis, the odds of current (aOR: 1.25, 95% CI: 0.95, 1.65) and ever e-cigarette use (aOR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.89, 1.26) did not significantly change by exposure group. However, one year post-implementation, the odds of ease of access to e-cigarettes significantly increased among exposed (aOR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.27, 1.95) and unexposed students (aOR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.39, 1.70). Similarly, the odds of ever using marijuana in an e-cigarette significantly increased among exposed (aOR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.53) and unexposed students (aOR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.20, 1.39).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Local FTSRs in the California Bay Area were not associated with a change in e-cigarette use one year post-implementation. Increased ease of access and marijuana use may be explanatory factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>FTSRs were not associated with a decrease in current or ever e-cigarette use among high school students in the California Bay Area one-year post-implementation. Potential explanatory factors are that ease of access to e-cigarettes and using marijuana in an e-cigarette increased. More research is needed to understand the influence of these factors on youth access and behaviors. To address the youth e-cigarette epidemic, a comprehensive approach is needed, including policies, media campaigns, education programs, and cessation tools targeted to youth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntac200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,19]],"date-time":"2022-08-19T10:47:58Z","timestamp":1660906078000},"page":"127-134","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Flavored Tobacco Sales Restrictions and Teen E-cigarette Use: Quasi-experimental Evidence From California"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3448-5811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melanie S","family":"Dove","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Health Policy and Management, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California , Davis , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Gee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Education, University of California , Davis , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8326-4524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa K","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of California , Davis , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022120214134092700_CIT0001"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022120214134092700_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.5667","article-title":"Trends in use and perceptions of nicotine vaping among US youth from 2017 to 2020","volume":"175","author":"Miech","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"2022120214134092700_CIT0003","author":"Institute for Global Tobacco Control.","year":"2020"},{"key":"2022120214134092700_CIT0004","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022120214134092700_CIT0005","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022120214134092700_CIT0006"},{"key":"2022120214134092700_CIT0007","volume-title":"California Tobacco Facts and Figures 2021","author":"California Department of Public Health, California Tobacco Control Program.","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022120214134092700_CIT0008","article-title":"A comprehensive qualitative review of studies evaluating the impact of local US laws restricting the sale of flavored and menthol tobacco products","author":"Rogers","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res."},{"key":"2022120214134092700_CIT0009"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"2022120214134092700_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1177\/0193841X211051873","article-title":"Flavored tobacco sales restrictions effective in reducing the retail availability of flavored tobacco products? 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