{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T11:42:21Z","timestamp":1791718941741,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]],"date-time":"2022-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54-CA229974"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54-CA229974"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sociodemographic disparities in tobacco use are prevalent and persistent in the United States. Nevertheless, few studies have examined disparities in tobacco use from an intersectionality perspective. We developed a visualization tool to identify disparities in cigarette, e-cigarette, cigar, and smokeless tobacco use at the intersection of multiple social identities.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We used the 2018\u20132019 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey (TUS-CPS) to estimate the prevalence of tobacco product use at the intersection of age (18\u201334, 35\u201354, \u226555 years), sex (male, female), race\/ethnicity (Non-Hispanic [NH] White, NH Black, Hispanic, NH Other), and annual household income (&amp;lt;$50 000, $50 000\u2013$99 999, and \u2265$100 000). Estimates accounted for the complex survey design.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>For cigarettes, the most defining characteristic was income, with the highest prevalence among low-income NH White male adults aged 35\u201354 years (30.7%) and low-income NH White female adults aged 35\u201354 years (29.7%). For e-cigarettes, the most defining characteristic was age, with adults 18\u201334 years old having the highest prevalence. High prevalence groups for cigars included young- and middle-aged NH Black and NH White males, while NH White males had the highest prevalence of smokeless tobacco use.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our intersectionality visualization tool is helpful to uncover complex patterns of tobacco use, facilitating the identification of high-risk groups.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We created a visualization tool to identify disparities in cigarette, e-cigarette, cigar, and smokeless tobacco use at the intersection of age, sex, race\/ethnicity, and income. Our visualization tool helps uncover complex patterns of tobacco use, facilitating the identification of high-risk population groups that would otherwise be masked. These results can be used to implement tobacco control policies targeted at factors that promote or sustain tobacco use disparities.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntac261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]],"date-time":"2022-11-16T17:21:29Z","timestamp":1668619289000},"page":"908-917","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Disparities in Cigarette, E-cigarette, Cigar, and Smokeless Tobacco Use at the Intersection of Multiple Social Identities in the US Adult Population. Results From the Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey 2018\u20132019 Survey"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6982-388X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Zavala-Arciniega","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health , 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1076-5037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Meza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health , 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI , USA"},{"name":"Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute , Vancouver, British Columbia , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6532-1372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jana L","family":"Hirschtick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health , 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4371-9133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nancy L","family":"Fleischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health , 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"2024030714361694000_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2012.300750","article-title":"The problem with the phrase women and minorities: intersectionality-an important theoretical framework for public health","volume":"102","author":"Bowleg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Public Health."},{"issue":"2017","key":"2024030714361694000_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.11.011","article-title":"A multilevel approach to modeling health inequalities at the intersection of multiple social identities","volume":"203","author":"Evans","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024030714361694000_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntab193","article-title":"Tobacco-related disparities viewed through the lens of intersectionality","volume":"24","author":"Sheffer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res."},{"issue":"105709","key":"2024030714361694000_CIT0004","first-page":"1","article-title":"A review of tobacco regulatory science research on vulnerable populations","volume":"128","author":"Higgins","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prev Med."},{"issue":"E107","key":"2024030714361694000_CIT0005","first-page":"1","article-title":"How much progress have we made? 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