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In nicotine-dependent individuals, tobacco choice is determined by greater expected drug value; however, less is known about the underlying mechanisms through which people quit smoking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to explore whether computational parameters of value-based decision-making (VBDM) characterize recovery from nicotine addiction. Using a preregistered, between-subject design, current daily smokers (n\u2005=\u200551) and ex-smokers who used to smoke daily (n\u2005=\u200551) were recruited from the local community. Participants completed a two-alternative forced choice task in which they chose between either two tobacco-related images (in one block) or tobacco-unrelated images (in a different block). During each trial, participants pressed a computer key to select the image they rated most positively during a previous task block. To estimate evidence accumulation (EA) processes and response thresholds during the different blocks, a drift-diffusion model was fitted to the reaction time and error data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ex-smokers had significantly higher response thresholds when making tobacco-related decisions (p\u2005=\u2005.01, d\u2005=\u20050.45) compared to current smokers, although there were no significant group differences during tobacco-unrelated decisions. Furthermore, there were no significant group differences in EA rates when making tobacco or tobacco-unrelated decisions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Greater cautiousness when making value-based decisions about tobacco-related cues characterized recovery from nicotine addiction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The number of people dependent on nicotine has decreased steadily during the past decade; however, the mechanisms that underlie recovery are currently less well understood. The present study applied advances in the measurement of value-based choice. The aim was to explore whether the internal processes that underpin VBDM discriminate current daily tobacco smokers from ex-tobacco smokers who used to smoke daily. Findings revealed that recovery from nicotine addiction was characterized by higher response thresholds when making value-based decisions about tobacco-related cues; this may serve as a novel target for treatment interventions that focus on helping people to stop smoking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntad040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]],"date-time":"2023-03-17T00:21:08Z","timestamp":1679012468000},"page":"1269-1276","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Recovery From Nicotine Addiction: A Diffusion Model Decomposition of Value-Based Decision-Making in Current Smokers and Ex-smokers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4634-3343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amber","family":"Copeland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield , Sheffield , 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