{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T10:19:13Z","timestamp":1783937953457,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2T32CA057711-27"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2T32CA057711-27"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21DA052421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21DA052421"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Current measures of vaping behaviors in the U.S. do not distinguish what substances participants are vaping and to what extent they are dual-vaping nicotine and cannabis. This study describes the use of new survey questions that more specifically ask whether participants who vape are vaping nicotine, cannabis, cannabidiol (CBD), or another substance.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Adults, who reported any past 30-day tobacco use, from five New England states participated in an online survey from April 2021 to July 2022. Participants who vaped were asked, \u201cHave you used any of the following vape substances in the past 30 days?\u201d with the possible responses of nicotine, cannabis, CBD, other, and \u201cdon\u2019t know.\u201d Dual use of both nicotine and cannabis was defined as the vaping of both nicotine and cannabis and\/or CBD in the past 30 days, operationalized as a dichotomous outcome. Data were collected in monthly, repeated cross-sectional waves. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine correlates of dual-vaping.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The analytic sample included 1547 adults who reported past 30-day tobacco use (mean age 42.9 years, 62.8% female, 85.4% White, 48.5% income of less than $50 000). Over one-quarter (26.1%) reported dual-vaping in the past 30 days. Identifying as male (p\u2005=\u2005.002) and self-rated anxiety (p\u2005=\u2005.043) were associated with a higher odds of dual-vaping.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our findings show that a sizable proportion of a sample of New England adults who have used tobacco in the past 30 days are dual-vaping nicotine and cannabis. Adequate survey measures for assessing the vaping of multiple substances can help in better screening and characterization of health behaviors around dual-use.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study addresses a key gap in adequate survey measures for assessing vaping of multiple substances. We found that among adults with past 30-day tobacco use, dual-vaping was prevalent and associated with different correlates, such as self-reported anxiety and education level, compared to sole-vaping of nicotine or cannabis. Our findings may help in characterizing and targeting future population-level surveillance and intervention efforts for multiple substance use behaviors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntae062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T18:39:44Z","timestamp":1710873584000},"page":"1253-1258","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Dual-Vaping of Nicotine and Cannabis Among Adults Who Currently Use Tobacco Products in Five New England States"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8455-0127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"REACH Lab, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University , Palo Alto, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Hanby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melody","family":"Kingsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Massachusetts Tobacco Cessation and Prevention Program (MTCP) , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6126-9095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan P","family":"Winickoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital , Boston, MA , USA"},{"name":"MGH Tobacco Research and Treatment Center , Boston, MA , USA"},{"name":"Julius B. Richmond Center, American Academy of Pediatrics , Itasca, IL , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel A","family":"Gundersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers Institute for Nicotine and Tobacco Studies , New Brunswick, NJ , USA"},{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , New Brunswick, NJ , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6459-6171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andy S L","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA , USA"},{"name":"Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA , USA"},{"name":"Abramson Cancer Center, Tobacco and Environmental Carcinogenesis Program , Philadelphia, PA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2018.11.036","article-title":"Tobacco and cannabis co-use and interrelatedness among adults","volume":"90","author":"Akbar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Addict Behav."},{"key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106175","article-title":"Prevalence, trends, and distribution of nicotine and marijuana use in E-cigarettes among US adults: the behavioral risk factor surveillance system 2016\u20132018","volume":"139","author":"Uddin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prev Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntaa012","article-title":"It is past time to consider cannabis in vaping research","volume":"22","author":"Pearson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2316","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15912","article-title":"Frequency of adolescent cannabis smoking and vaping in the United States: trends, disparities and concurrent substance use, 2017\u201319","volume":"117","author":"Keyes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Addiction."},{"issue":"3","key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1080\/08897077.2019.1709603","article-title":"Modes of delivery in concurrent nicotine and cannabis use (\u201cco-use\u201d) among youth: findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Survey","volume":"42","author":"Smith","year":"2021","journal-title":"Subst Abus."},{"issue":"3","key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0006","first-page":"362","article-title":"Trends in and characteristics of marijuana and menthol cigarette use among current cigarette smokers, 2005-2014","volume":"20","author":"Schauer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e045445","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-045445","article-title":"Effects of brief exposure to misinformation about e-cigarette harms on twitter: a randomised controlled experiment","volume":"11","author":"Wright","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107804","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2023.107804","article-title":"Correlates of adolescent sole-, dual- and poly-use of cannabis, vaped nicotine, and combusted tobacco","volume":"146","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Addict Behav."},{"key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0009","first-page":"1284","article-title":"The patient health questionnaire-2: validity of a two-item depression screener","volume-title":"Med Care.","author":"Kroenke","year":"2003"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-146-5-200703060-00004","article-title":"Anxiety disorders in primary care: prevalence, impairment, comorbidity, and detection","volume":"146","author":"Kroenke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2010.04.008","article-title":"A new conceptualization of ethnicity for social epidemiologic and health equity research","volume":"71","author":"Ford","year":"2010","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2015.11.024","article-title":"Adjust for multiple comparisons? It\u2019s not that simple","volume":"101","author":"Althouse","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2015.05.012","article-title":"Assessing the overlap between tobacco and marijuana","volume":"49","author":"Schauer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Addict Behav."},{"issue":"5","key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntaa232","article-title":"Prevalence of young adult vaping, substance vaped, and purchase location across five categories of vaping devices","volume":"23","author":"Cwalina","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15290","article-title":"Unknown population-level harms of cannabis and tobacco co-use: if you don\u2019t measure it, you can\u2019t manage it","volume":"116","author":"Hindocha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Addiction."},{"issue":"6","key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e028535","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-028535","article-title":"Vaping cannabis among adolescents: prevalence and associations with tobacco use from a cross-sectional study in the USA","volume":"9","author":"Kowitt","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.108254","article-title":"Availability of substances for use in personal vaporisers on three online cryptomarkets","volume":"217","author":"Lim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0018","first-page":"100465","article-title":"Lifetime use of non-nicotine drugs in electronic cigarette devices among a sample of individuals in substance use disorder treatment","volume":"16","author":"Masson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Addict Behav Rep."},{"key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2019.106109","article-title":"Patterns of cigarette, e-cigarette, and cannabis use among adult smokers in primary care 2014\u20132015","volume":"100","author":"Thrul","year":"2020","journal-title":"Addict Behav."},{"key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106152","article-title":"Vermont\u2019s comprehensive public health framework for tobacco control and prevention","volume":"140","author":"Williams","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prev Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1111\/josh.13171","article-title":"The first state tobacco flavor ban: high school tobacco control needs in a changing landscape","volume":"92","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Sch Health."},{"key":"2024082205515068900_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2017.09.007","article-title":"Psychosocial and cessation-related differences between tobacco-marijuana co-users and single product users in a college student population","volume":"77","author":"Masters","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addict Behav."}],"container-title":["Nicotine and Tobacco Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ntr\/ntae062\/57120101\/ntae062.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article-pdf\/26\/9\/1253\/58534163\/ntae062.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article-pdf\/26\/9\/1253\/58534163\/ntae062.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T05:52:30Z","timestamp":1724305950000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article\/26\/9\/1253\/7631891"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ntr\/ntae062","relation":{},"ISSN":["1469-994X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1469-994X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]]}}}