{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T14:32:23Z","timestamp":1791815543524,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,20]],"date-time":"2024-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["# 419710"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["# 419710"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Understanding the factors influencing vaping cessation among young people is crucial for targeted interventions. This review aimed to summarize the individual and environmental factors that predict vaping cessation-related behaviors in the young population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We systematically searched five databases for studies investigating predictors of vaping cessation behaviors among young people aged 10\u201335 years. Studies that examined predictors of cessation of cigarettes, other tobacco products, cannabis vaping, and studies evaluating efficacy of cessation interventions were excluded. Quality in Prognosis Studies tool was used to assess risk of bias.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We found 24 studies analyzing predictors of intention to quit vaping (n\u2005=\u200515), quit attempts (n\u2005=\u200511), and vaping abstinence (n\u2005=\u20057). Most studies had low risk of bias, except for study attrition. We identified 107 predictors and grouped them into \u201cprobable,\u201d \u201cpossible,\u201d \u201cinsufficient evidence,\u201d \u201cprobably unrelated,\u201d and \u201cinconsistent direction\u201d categories. For \u201cprobable\u201d predictors, we found 11 for intention to quit, eight for quit attempts and five for vaping abstinence. Overall, harm perception of vaping, current other tobacco products use, frequency of use, and level of nicotine dependence were common \u201cprobable\u201d predictors across three outcomes, with low harm perception of vaping, dual use, and poly tobacco use associated with decreased intention to quit and quit attempts in younger population (~10\u201319 years).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Predictive modeling studies investigating vaping cessation-related behaviors among young people are still limited. Future research should specifically study the natural history of vaping in youth in different jurisdictions, populations, and age groups to expand our knowledge in this area.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We identified and categorized predictors of intention to quit vaping, quit attempts, and vaping abstinence among young people. While the \u201cprobable\u201d predictors can inform public health and policymakers to plan targeted vaping cessation programs for high-risk populations, raising public harm perception of vaping and encouraging to quit other tobacco products might increase intention to quit and quit attempts among younger population. However, the \u201cpossible,\u201d \u201cinsufficient evidence\u201d and \u201cinconsistent direction\u201d predictors need further testing by future prospective longitudinal research. Additionally, we emphasized the significance of appropriate study designs, conducting research across various jurisdictions, and different population groups to obtain comprehensive insights.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntae181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]],"date-time":"2024-07-18T05:03:09Z","timestamp":1721278989000},"page":"169-178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A Systematic Review of Predictors of Vaping Cessation Among Young People"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0051-5816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anasua","family":"Kundu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siddharth","family":"Seth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Science, Queen\u2019s University , Kingston, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Felsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theo J","family":"Moraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) , Toronto, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5401-2996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Selby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9589-2122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Chaiton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0001","author":"University of Waterloo"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0002","author":"Statistics Canada","year":"2022"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17226\/24952","volume-title":"Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes","author":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and M","year":"2018"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0004","volume-title":"E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults: A Report of the Surgeon General","author":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (US) Office on Smoking and Health","year":"2016"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"l5275","DOI":"10.1136\/BMJ.l5275","article-title":"What are the respiratory effects of e-cigarettes","volume":"366","author":"Gotts","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0000000000000645","article-title":"How harmless are E-cigarettes? Effects in the pulmonary system","volume":"26","author":"Bozier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/S12931-021-01737-5","article-title":"An updated overview of e-cigarette impact on human health","volume":"22","author":"Marques","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respir Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1136\/TOBACCOCONTROL-2019-055433","article-title":"Is e-cigarette use in non-smoking young adults associated with later smoking? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"30","author":"Khouja","year":"2021","journal-title":"Tob Control."},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106599","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ADDBEH.2020.106599","article-title":"\u201cIt\u2019s really addictive and I\u2019m trapped\u201d: a qualitative analysis of the reasons for quitting vaping among treatment-seeking young people","volume":"112","author":"Amato","year":"2021","journal-title":"Addict Behav."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1001\/JAMAPEDIATRICS.2020.2348","article-title":"Intention to quit vaping among United States adolescents","volume":"175","author":"Smith","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2020.101287","article-title":"Quitting e-cigarettes: quit attempts and quit intentions among youth and young adults","volume":"21","author":"Cuccia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1662","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntaa072","article-title":"Change in tobacco and electronic cigarette use and motivation to quit in response to COVID-19","volume":"22","author":"Klemperer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0013","author":"Health Canada"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0014","article-title":"Quitting e-cigarettes","author":"Truth Initiative"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0015","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0016","author":"American Lung Association"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0017","author":"Smokefree Teen"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107787","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ADDBEH.2023.107787","article-title":"A systematic review of experimental and longitudinal studies on e-cigarette use cessation","volume":"146","author":"Amin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Addict Behav."},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/BMJ.N71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17605\/OSF.IO\/W6C79","article-title":"Protocol for a systematic review of predictors of vaping cessation among young people","author":"Kundu","year":"2023"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17605\/OSF.IO\/P96MW","article-title":"Protocol for a systematic review of predictors of different e-cigarette use patterns among young people","author":"Kundu","year":"2023"},{"issue":"6245","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa8415","article-title":"Machine learning: trends, perspectives, and prospects","volume":"349","author":"Jordan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4137\/bii.s31559","article-title":"Big data application in biomedical research and health care: a literature review","volume":"8","author":"Luo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed Inform Insights"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0024","author":"Consumer Advocates for Smoke-free Alternatives Association"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0138237","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0138237","article-title":"The role of google scholar in evidence reviews and its applicability to grey literature searching","volume":"10","author":"Haddaway","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0026","author":"Kundu"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0027","author":"World Health Organization"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1093\/GERONT\/42.1.92","article-title":"A comparison of young, middle-aged, and older adult treatment-seeking pathological gamblers","volume":"42","author":"Petry","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gerontologist."},{"issue":"9","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.1002\/JCLP.23326","article-title":"Latent class analysis of loneliness and connectedness in US young adults during COVID-19","volume":"78","author":"Schmidt","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Psychol."},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.11604\/PAMJ.2019.33.210.18407","article-title":"Risk factors for hypertension among young adults (18-35) years attending in Tenwek Mission Hospital, Bomet County, Kenya in 2018","volume":"33","author":"Ondimu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1001\/JAMAONCOL.2021.4949","article-title":"Association of smoking initiation and cessation across the life course and cancer mortality: prospective study of 410 000 US adults","volume":"7","author":"Thomson","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2020.09.025","article-title":"Predictors of cigarette smoking cessation in adolescents: a systematic review","volume":"68","author":"Vallata","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.2011.044149","article-title":"A systematic review of longitudinal population-based studies on the predictors of smoking cessation in adolescent and young adult smokers","volume":"21","author":"Cengelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Tob Control."},{"issue":"4","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-158-4-201302190-00009","article-title":"Assessing bias in studies of prognostic factors","volume":"158","author":"Hayden","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"issue":"13","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2059","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2021.1967990","article-title":"The role of anxiety sensitivity and fatigue severity in predicting e-cigarette dependence, barriers to cessation, and cravings among young adults","volume":"56","author":"Manning","year":"2021","journal-title":"Subst Use Misuse."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2020-056090","article-title":"Youth and young adult risk perceptions and behaviours in response to an outbreak of e-cigarette\/vaping-Associated lung injury (EVALI) in the USA","volume":"31","author":"Kreslake","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tob Control."},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2019.01.013","article-title":"Youth and young adult exposure to and perceptions of news media coverage about e-cigarettes in the United States, Canada and England","volume":"121","author":"Wackowski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prev Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-019-00092-7","article-title":"Motivation to quit cigarettes and alternative tobacco products: prevalence and correlates among youth experiencing homelessness","volume":"43","author":"Tucker","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Behav Med."},{"issue":"14","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2074","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2022.2130000","article-title":"Factors associated with e-cigarette quit intention among adolescents in the United States","volume":"57","author":"Ahuja","year":"2022","journal-title":"Subst Use Misuse."},{"issue":"6","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.3886\/ICPSR36498.v11","article-title":"Factors associated with e-cigarette quitting behavior among adolescents in the United States: a prospective observational study","volume":"71","author":"Ahuja","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.5993\/AJHB.46.3.9","article-title":"Have e-cigarette risk perception and cessation intent of young adult users changed during the pandemic","volume":"46","author":"Jun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Health Behav."},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2022.109272","article-title":"Transitions in tobacco use profiles among adolescents: results from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study waves 3 and 4","volume":"232","author":"Romm","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2019.02.014","article-title":"Dependence motives of young adult users of electronic nicotine delivery systems","volume":"95","author":"Chesaniuk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Addict Behav."},{"issue":"7_suppl","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53S","DOI":"10.1177\/1010539519854873","article-title":"Cessation of e-cigarette use among adolescents and its associated factors","volume":"31","author":"Saminathan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Public Health."},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2020.101287","article-title":"Quitting e-cigarettes: quit attempts and quit intentions among youth and young adults","volume":"21","author":"Cuccia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntaa265","article-title":"Young adults\u2019 vaping, readiness to quit, and recent quit attempts: the role of co-use with cigarettes and marijuana","volume":"23","author":"Berg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1177\/0890117120982408","article-title":"JUUL E-cigarette quit attempts and cessation perceptions in college student JUUL e-cigarette users","volume":"35","author":"Pulvers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Health Promot"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17010028","article-title":"Smoking cessation and vaping cessation attempts among cigarette smokers and e-cigarette users in Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"17","author":"Jankowski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2021.07.011","article-title":"Tobacco cessation behaviors among U.S. middle and high school students, 2020","volume":"70","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19031403","article-title":"Factors associated with quit interest and quit attempts among young adult JUUL users","volume":"19","author":"Alalwan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2018.03.032","article-title":"E-cigarette- specific symptoms of nicotine dependence among Texas adolescents","volume":"84","author":"Case","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addict Behav."},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107548","article-title":"Longitudinal transitions in tobacco use in youth and young adults: a latent transition analysis of the population assessment of tobacco and health study from Wave 1 to 5","volume":"138","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Addict Behav."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntac278","article-title":"Reasons for e-cigarette use, vaping patterns, and cessation behaviors among US adolescents","volume":"25","author":"Lindpere","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4770","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20064770","article-title":"Predictors of discontinued e-cigarette use at one-year follow-up in a sample of young adults","volume":"20","author":"Pokhrel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"issue":"19","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12139","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191912139","article-title":"Assessing the testability of the Multi-Theory Model (MTM) in predicting vaping quitting behavior among young adults in the United States: a cross-sectional survey","volume":"19","author":"Sharma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2022.107294","article-title":"Modeling the longitudinal transitions of electronic cigarettes and conventional cigarettes with time-dependent covariates among adolescents","volume":"164","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prev Med (Baltim)"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2022.107143","article-title":"Longitudinal associations between flavored tobacco use and tobacco product cessation in a national sample of adults","volume":"161","author":"Steeger","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prev Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2021050164","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-050164","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with youth vaping cessation intention and quit attempts","volume":"148","author":"Dai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1037\/A0037444","article-title":"Health risk perceptions predict smoking-related outcomes in Greek college students","volume":"28","author":"Jacobson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychol Addict Behav."},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2016.03.006","article-title":"Cigarette package inserts can promote efficacy beliefs and sustained smoking cessation attempts: a longitudinal assessment of an innovative policy in Canada","volume":"88","author":"Thrasher","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prev Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0061","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.3390\/CHILDREN9111678\/S1","article-title":"Association between harmful and addictive perceptions of e-cigarettes and e-cigarette use among adolescents and youth\u2014a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Aly","year":"2022","journal-title":"Children"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0062","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1521\/BUMC.2014.78.3.243","article-title":"Perceptions about e-cigarette safety may lead to e-smoking during pregnancy","volume":"78","author":"Baeza-Loya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bull Menninger Clin."},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0063","author":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2012.301070","article-title":"Alternative tobacco product use and smoking cessation: a national study","volume":"103","author":"Popova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Public Health."},{"issue":"4","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e214146","DOI":"10.1001\/JAMANETWORKOPEN.2021.4146","article-title":"Interest in quitting e-cigarettes among adult e-cigarette users with and without cigarette smoking history","volume":"4","author":"Palmer","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0066","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S79","DOI":"10.1093\/NTR\/NTV228","article-title":"Differences in quit attempts and cigarette smoking abstinence between Whites and African Americans in the United States: literature review and results from the international tobacco control US survey","volume":"18","author":"Kulak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1093\/JNCI\/DJZ001","article-title":"Factors that explain differences in abstinence between Black and White smokers: a prospective intervention study","volume":"111","author":"Nollen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2007.112060","article-title":"Smoking cessation rates in the United States: a comparison of young adult and older smokers","volume":"98","author":"Messer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Public Health."},{"issue":"11","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0069","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2056","DOI":"10.1111\/ADD.14726","article-title":"Predictors of long-term abstinence rate by income level in the Korean smoking cessation programme","volume":"114","author":"Seo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Addiction."},{"issue":"6","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-023-01528-0","article-title":"Nicotine dependence and insula subregions: functional connectivity and cue-induced activation","volume":"48","author":"Ghahremani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0071","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E336","DOI":"10.9778\/CMAJO.20210325","article-title":"Scoping review of guidance on cessation interventions for electronic cigarettes and dual electronic and combustible cigarettes use","volume":"11","author":"Kundu","year":"2023","journal-title":"CMAJ Open"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0072","author":"Health Canada"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0073","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1037\/A0036483","article-title":"The relation between number of smoking friends, and quit intentions, attempts, and success: findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) four country survey","volume":"28","author":"Hitchman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychol Addict Behav."},{"issue":"11","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0074","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E537","DOI":"10.3978\/J.ISSN.2072-1439.2015.10.63","article-title":"Longitudinal studies","volume":"7","author":"Caruana","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0075","author":"Global Tobacco Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0076","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/S13011-019-0218-1\/TABLES\/3","article-title":"Comparisons of early and delayed abstainers and its effects on long-term smoking cessation in Taiwan","volume":"14","author":"Chang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy."},{"issue":"11","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0077","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1093\/NTR\/NTAC116","article-title":"Short- and long-term cigarette and tobacco abstinence among daily and nondaily older smokers","volume":"24","author":"Avila","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0078","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107832","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ADDBEH.2023.107832","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of short-term and long-term smoking abstinence rates of intensive perioperative smoking cessation programs vs brief interventions for smoking cessation","volume":"148","author":"Tan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Addict Behav."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025012205505147800_CIT0079","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000686","article-title":"Trade-offs of personal vs. more proxy exposure measures in environmental epidemiology","volume":"28","author":"Weisskopf","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epidemiology."}],"container-title":["Nicotine and Tobacco Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ntr\/ntae181\/58732260\/ntae181.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article-pdf\/27\/2\/169\/58732260\/ntae181.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article-pdf\/27\/2\/169\/58732260\/ntae181.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T05:51:03Z","timestamp":1737525063000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article\/27\/2\/169\/7717604"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,20]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ntr\/ntae181","relation":{},"ISSN":["1469-994X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1469-994X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,20]]}}}