{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T17:08:29Z","timestamp":1779469709981,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA051000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA051000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health","award":["R01CA248871"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA248871"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Social media are major marketing platforms for e-cigarette product promotion, particularly among youth. While prior studies have established associations between self-reported SM e-cigarette marketing exposure and youth e-cigarette use susceptibility, the strength of inferences based on these studies is limited by potential biases associated with self-reported measures. We use state-level rates of tweets promoting e-cigarettes as an exogenous indicator of potential exposure to e-cigarette marketing on social media, enabling us to examine the effects of digital promotion on youth susceptibility to e-cigarette use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (2018\u20132019) data were linked with state-level commercial e-cigarette tweet rates. Tweets were classified as promoting e-cigarette products using machine learning. Monthly commercial tweet rates per 100\u2009000 state residents were linked to respondents. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess associations between tweet rates and e-cigarette susceptibility, controlling for demographic and behavioral covariates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 1489 youth aged 14\u201317 who have not heard or used e-cigarettes, 32.1% reported susceptibility to e-cigarettes. Youth residing in states with commercial tweet rates above the 90th percentile had 63% higher odds of e-cigarette susceptibility (OR: 1.633; 95% CI = 1.099, 2.426), compared to those at or below the median tweet rate. Other associated factors included sexual orientation, cannabis use, having a tobacco user in the home, and being White (vs. Black).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Greater potential exposure to commercial e-cigarette content on X\/Twitter is associated with increased odds of youth susceptibility to e-cigarette use. These findings underscore the need for enhanced regulation and monitoring of SM marketing to mitigate youth exposure and e-cigarette uptake.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implication<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrates that commercial e-cigarette content on social media is associated with increased susceptibility to e-cigarette use among US youth. These findings highlight the need for enhanced regulation and systematic monitoring of e-cigarette marketing practices on social media. Moreover, the results support targeted prevention efforts for subgroups, including bisexual youth, polysubstance users, and those living with tobacco users\u2014each of whom may experience greater vulnerability to e-cigarette use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntag013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T12:43:07Z","timestamp":1768999387000},"page":"1016-1024","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vaping Goes Viral: The Role of Commercial E-Cigarette Tweets in Youth E-Cigarette Use Susceptibility"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8416-6168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ganna","family":"Kostygina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Data Collaboratory, Public Health Department, NORC at University of Chicago , Chicago, IL ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Data Collaboratory, Public Health Department, NORC at University of Chicago , Chicago, IL ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoonsang","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Data Collaboratory, Public Health Department, NORC at University of Chicago , Chicago, IL ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sherry","family":"Emery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Data Collaboratory, Public Health Department, NORC at University of Chicago , Chicago, IL ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"22","key":"2026052212160499400_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6722a3","article-title":"Tobacco product use among middle and high school students - United States, 2011-2017","volume":"67","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"39","key":"2026052212160499400_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7039a4","article-title":"Notes from the field: e-cigarette use among middle and high school students \u2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey, United States, 2021","volume":"70","author":"Park-Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"50","key":"2026052212160499400_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6950a1","article-title":"Tobacco product use among middle and high school students \u2014 United States, 2020","volume":"69","author":"Gentzke","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"35","key":"2026052212160499400_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7335a3","article-title":"Notes from the field: e-cigarette and nicotine pouch use among middle and high school students\u2014United States, 2024","volume":"73","author":"Park-Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.04.011","article-title":"The rise of e-cigarettes, pod mod devices, and JUUL among youth: factors influencing use, health implications, and downstream effects","volume":"201","author":"Fadus","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026052212160499400_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2019-055427","article-title":"At the speed of Juul: measuring the twitter conversation related to ENDS and Juul across space and time (2017\u20132018)","volume":"30","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052212160499400_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17945","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-01392-6","article-title":"Levels of the nicotine analog 6-methyl nicotine as a naturally formed tobacco alkaloid in tobacco and tobacco products","volume":"15","author":"Pankow","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"August","key":"2026052212160499400_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18332\/tpc\/187767","article-title":"Marketing of nicotinamide as nicotine replacement in electronic cigarettes and smokeless tobacco","volume":"10","author":"Jabba","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tobacco prevention & cessation"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadr.2022.100068","article-title":"Preferences, use, and perceived access to flavored e-cigarettes among United States adolescents and young adults","volume":"3","author":"Chaffee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence Reports"},{"issue":"25","key":"2026052212160499400_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7225a1","article-title":"E-cigarette unit sales by product and flavor type, and top-selling brands, United States, 2020-2022","volume":"72","author":"Ali","year":"2023","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref11","volume-title":"FDA Authorizes Marketing of Four Menthol-Flavored E-Cigarette Products After Extensive Scientific Review 2024","author":"U.S. Food & Drug Administration"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref12","volume-title":"FDA Authorizes Marketing of IQOS Tobacco Heating System with \u2018Reduced Exposure\u2019 Information"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref13","volume-title":"E-cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref14","volume-title":"E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults-A Report of the Surgeon General","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436951","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2024.1436951","article-title":"Nicotine use during late adolescence and young adulthood is associated with changes in hippocampal volume and memory performance","volume":"18","author":"Happer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703712","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1703712","article-title":"Pulmonary function and physical performance in adolescent e-cigarette users: a narrative review","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026052212160499400_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.1488","article-title":"Association between initial use of e-cigarettes and subsequent cigarette smoking among adolescents and young adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"171","author":"Soneji","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"e2","key":"2026052212160499400_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e192","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2021-057120","article-title":"Developing a theoretical marketing framework to analyse JUUL and compatible e-cigarette product promotion on Instagram","volume":"32","author":"Kostygina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"2026052212160499400_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iii3","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2014-051670","article-title":"Four hundred and sixty brands of e-cigarettes and counting: implications for product regulation","volume":"23","author":"Zhu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"issue":"37","key":"2026052212160499400_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6937e2","article-title":"E-cigarette unit sales, by product and flavor type\u2014United States, 2014\u20132020","volume":"69","author":"Ali","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052212160499400_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1136\/tc-2023-058033","article-title":"Bigger, stronger and cheaper: growth in e-cigarette market driven by disposable devices with more e-liquid, higher nicotine concentration and declining prices","volume":"34","author":"Diaz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179173X241300825","DOI":"10.1177\/1179173X241300825","article-title":"An observational study of regulatory violations related to online tobacco product marketing and retailer responses to US FDA warning letters","volume":"17","author":"Apollonio","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tobacco Use Insights"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052212160499400_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntx284","article-title":"E-cigarette marketing and communication: how e-cigarette companies market e-cigarettes and the public engages with e-cigarette information","volume":"21","author":"Collins","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nicotine and Tobacco Research."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026052212160499400_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2021.1878223","article-title":"Marketing content on e-cigarette brand-sponsored Facebook profile pages","volume":"56","author":"Kong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Substance use & misuse"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026052212160499400_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1136\/tc-2022-057348","article-title":"Tobacco promotion restriction policies on social media","volume":"33","author":"Kong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"2026052212160499400_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s249","DOI":"10.1136\/tc-2022-057490","article-title":"Industry response to strengthened regulations: amount and themes of flavoured electronic cigarette promotion by product vendors and manufacturers on Instagram","volume":"31","author":"Kostygina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2026052212160499400_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i75","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2016-053094","article-title":"'Sweeter than a swisher': amount and themes of little cigar and cigarillo content on twitter","volume":"25","author":"Kostygina","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"issue":"e1","key":"2026052212160499400_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"tobaccocontrol-2019-055406","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2019-055406","article-title":"Social media use by leading US e-cigarette, cigarette, smokeless tobacco, cigar and hookah brands","volume":"29","author":"O'Brien","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026052212160499400_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20563051211055442","DOI":"10.1177\/20563051211055442","article-title":"Exploring the discursive function of hashtags: a semantic network analysis of JUUL-related Instagram messages","volume":"7","author":"Kostygina","year":"2021","journal-title":"Social Media + Society"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026052212160499400_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e18943","DOI":"10.2196\/18943","article-title":"Tactics for drawing youth to vaping: content analysis of electronic cigarette advertisements","volume":"22","author":"Struik","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref31","volume-title":"Mobile Messaging and Social Media 2015","author":"Pew Research Center","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref32","volume-title":"Social Media Use in 2018: A Majority of Americans Use Facebook and YouTube, but Young Adults are Especially Heavy Users of Snapchat and Instagram","author":"Smith","year":"2018"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026052212160499400_ref33","first-page":"1","article-title":"Tobacco product use and associated factors among middle and high school students \u2014","volume":"68","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"United States"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052212160499400_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2017.01.023","article-title":"Engagement with online tobacco marketing and associations with tobacco product use among U.S","volume":"61","author":"Soneji","year":"2017","journal-title":"Youth The Journal of Adolescent Health : Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052212160499400_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000123","article-title":"Exposure to electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) visual imagery increases smoking urge and desire","volume":"30","author":"King","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol Addict Behav"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2017.10.017","article-title":"Social media e-cigarette exposure and e-cigarette expectancies and use among young adults","volume":"78","author":"Pokhrel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026052212160499400_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntaa003","article-title":"Effects of social media on adolescents\u2019 willingness and intention to use e-cigarettes: an experimental investigation","volume":"23","author":"Vogel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nicotine and Tobacco Research"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026052212160499400_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2022.2223","article-title":"Association between exposure to tobacco content on social media and tobacco use: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"176","author":"Donaldson","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026052212160499400_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2024.07.020","article-title":"Swipe to inhale: tobacco-related content on social media and susceptibility to tobacco use","volume":"67","author":"Lim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026052212160499400_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyy138","article-title":"Reflection on modern methods: selection bias\u2014a review of recent developments","volume":"47","author":"Infante-Rivard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026052212160499400_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1093\/joc\/jqz033","article-title":"Toward an aggregate, implicit, and dynamic model of norm formation: capturing large-scale media representations of dynamic descriptive norms through automated and crowdsourced content analysis","volume":"69","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Commun"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026052212160499400_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntaa090","article-title":"Valence of media coverage about electronic cigarettes and other tobacco products from 2014 to 2017: evidence from automated content analysis","volume":"22","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nicotine and Tobacco Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026052212160499400_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1093\/joc\/jqab052","article-title":"The effects of tobacco coverage in the public communication environment on young People\u2019s decisions to smoke combustible cigarettes\u2020","volume":"72","author":"Hornik","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Commun"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref44","first-page":"8","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd Wonference on Online Social Networks","author":"Scellato","year":"2010"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026052212160499400_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0137248","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0137248","article-title":"Geographies of an online social network","volume":"10","author":"Lengyel","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2020.102136","article-title":"How social presence drives commitment and loyalty with online brand communities? The role of social commerce trust","volume":"55","author":"Nadeem","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Retail Consum Serv"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026052212160499400_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1177\/10901981211008390","article-title":"Neighborhood inequities in tobacco retailer density and the presence of tobacco-selling pharmacies and tobacco shops","volume":"49","author":"Kong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health Educ Behav"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2017.04.010","article-title":"Disparities in tobacco marketing and product availability at the point of sale: results of a national study","volume":"105","author":"Ribisl","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref49","volume-title":"Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study [United States] Restricted-Use Files, User Guide. ICPSR36231","author":"United States Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2018"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026052212160499400_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20563051231216947","DOI":"10.1177\/20563051231216947","article-title":"Disclosure standards for social media and generative artificial intelligence research: toward transparency and replicability","volume":"9","author":"Kostygina","year":"2023","journal-title":"Social Media + Society"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026052212160499400_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e41","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.4738","article-title":"Garbage in, garbage out: data collection, quality assessment and reporting standards for social media data use in Health Research, Infodemiology and digital disease detection","volume":"18","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108176","article-title":"Flavored combustible tobacco product initiation in two longitudinal youth cohorts in the US population assessment of tobacco and health study: 2013-2016 and 2016-2019","volume":"160","author":"Watkins","year":"2024","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref53","volume-title":"Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study Series Variables","year":".."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026052212160499400_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2010.153379","article-title":"Exposure to parental and sibling smoking and the risk of smoking uptake in childhood and adolescence: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"66","author":"Leonardi-Bee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Thorax."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052212160499400_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4603(95)00108-5","article-title":"Do as I say: parent smoking, antismoking socialization, and smoking onset among children","volume":"22","author":"Jackson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052212160499400_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/1747-597X-3-18","article-title":"The moderating role of parental smoking on their children's attitudes toward smoking among a predominantly minority sample: a cross-sectional analysis","volume":"3","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2021.108905","article-title":"Predictors of vaping marijuana initiation among US adolescents: results from the population assessment of tobacco and health (PATH) study wave 3 (2015-2016) and wave 4 (2016-2018)","volume":"226","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052212160499400_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1609\/icwsm.v8i1.14554","article-title":"A tale of cities: urban biases in volunteered geographic information","volume":"8","author":"Hecht","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026052212160499400_ref59","first-page":"18","article-title":"Population bias in geotagged tweets","volume":"9","author":"Malik","year":"2015","journal-title":"In ICWSM Workshop Stand Pract Large-Scale Soc Media Research"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026052212160499400_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2021.306448","article-title":"Racial disparities of e-cigarette use among US youths: 2014\u20132019","volume":"111","author":"Dai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026052212160499400_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntv208","article-title":"Intragroup variance in lesbian, gay, and bisexual tobacco use behaviors: evidence that subgroups matter, notably bisexual women","volume":"18","author":"Emory","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"issue":"September","key":"2026052212160499400_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18332\/tid\/111397","article-title":"Pro-tobacco marketing and anti-tobacco campaigns aimed at vulnerable populations: a review of the literature","volume":"17","author":"Cruz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tob Induc Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026052212160499400_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2022058414","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022-058414","article-title":"Sexual minority youth e-cigarette use","volume":"151","author":"Azagba","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026052212160499400_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-3787","article-title":"Electronic cigarettes and future marijuana use: a longitudinal study","volume":"141","author":"Dai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026052212160499400_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15161","article-title":"Developmental patterns of tobacco product and cannabis use initiation in high school","volume":"116","author":"Cho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Addiction."},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107316","article-title":"Longitudinal associations between e-cigarette use and onset of multiple modes of cannabis use among US adolescents","volume":"131","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026052212160499400_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2020.06.029","article-title":"Past 30\u2013day marijuana vaping: prevalence and predictors of use in a nationally representative study of US youth","volume":"60","author":"Kritikos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2022.103716","article-title":"Trends in the use of cannabis products in Canada and the USA, 2018 \u2013 2020: findings from the international cannabis policy study","volume":"105","author":"Hammond","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052212160499400_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s13011-023-00546-x","article-title":"A review of social media platform policies that address cannabis promotion, marketing and sales","volume":"18","author":"Berg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref70","volume-title":"Most Americans Now Live in a Legal Marijuana State \u2013 and Most Have at Least One Dispensary in Their County","author":"Chapekis","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref71","volume-title":"A Majority of English-Speaking Hispanics in the U.S. are Bilingual","author":"Krogstad","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026052212160499400_ref72","volume-title":"Who is Hispanic?","author":"Lopez","year":"2022"}],"container-title":["Nicotine and Tobacco Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ntr\/ntag013\/66534006\/ntag013.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article-pdf\/28\/6\/1016\/66534006\/ntag013.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article-pdf\/28\/6\/1016\/66534006\/ntag013.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T16:16:18Z","timestamp":1779466578000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article\/28\/6\/1016\/8436872"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ntr\/ntag013","relation":{},"ISSN":["1469-994X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1469-994X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]]}}}