{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T04:33:16Z","timestamp":1793075596632,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vaping (use of electronic cigarettes) is widespread. While vaping may help people quit smoking tobacco, there are potential oral health implications. Oral health professionals (OHPs) are uniquely positioned to monitor the oral health of patients who vape. This scoping review aimed to answer: (1) What knowledge and perceptions do OHPs have about vaping\u2019s potential impact on oral health? and (2) What educational resources and guidelines are available to assist OHPs in supporting vaping cessation?<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The review followed the JBI methodology and searched 12 databases from 2003 to February 2024. Four researchers independently screened the literature according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From 1094 initial records, 40 sources were included. Seventeen cross-sectional studies with 12\u2009745 participants showed variability in OHPs\u2019 knowledge and perceptions regarding vaping\u2019s impact on oral health. Most OHPs perceived vapes as harmful, though opinions varied on whether they were less, equally, or more harmful than cigarettes. Twenty-three resources (mainly from the United States) discussed various oral health effects potentially associated with vaping, including xerostomia, periodontitis, and dental caries. Available guidelines recommended that OHPs routinely ask, advise, and provide vaping cessation support, with advice tailored to patient profiles. However, educational resources for OHPs regarding vaping cessation support were scarce.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There are significant research gaps regarding OHPs\u2019 knowledge and perceptions about vaping and limited evidence-based resources to guide OHPs in providing vaping cessation support to their clients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is a need for evidence-based guidance and continuing education programs on e-cigarettes, including protocols for assessing vaping status and delivering tailored cessation guidance for OHPs. Collaborations between OHPs, tobacco researchers, public health experts, and patients would be beneficial when developing such programs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntag061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T12:43:13Z","timestamp":1774442593000},"page":"1773-1783","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Oral health professionals\u2019 knowledge and perceptions of vaping oral health effects and cessation resources: a scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3245-8457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abeeha Batool Zaidi","family":"Syeda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"General Practice and Primary Healthcare, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland , Auckland 1023 ,","place":["New Zealand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University , Adelaide, South Australia ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6807-2930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris","family":"Bullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Practice and Primary Healthcare, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland , Auckland 1023 ,","place":["New Zealand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zac","family":"Morse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Dentistry, American University of Iraq Baghdad , Baghdad ,","place":["Iraq"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1108\/DHS-07-2022-0028","article-title":"Estimation of the global number of vapers: 82 million worldwide in 2021","volume":"24","author":"Jerzy\u0144ski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drugs Habits Soc Policy"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref2","first-page":"CD010216","article-title":"Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation","volume":"1","author":"Lindson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2023.104064","article-title":"What are the harms of vaping in young people who have never smoked?","volume":"117","author":"Mendelsohn","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1186\/s12954-024-01013-x","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between e-cigarette use among non-tobacco users and initiating smoking of combustible cigarettes","volume":"21","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Harm Reduct J"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18332\/tid\/174660","article-title":"E-cigarette use and respiratory symptoms in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Alqahtani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Tob Induc Dis"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.51890","article-title":"Electronic cigarettes and health outcomes: umbrella and systematic review of the global evidence","volume":"218","author":"Banks","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaaz0108","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaz0108","article-title":"Adverse effects of electronic cigarettes on the disease-naive oral microbiome","volume":"6","author":"Ganesan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2019.04.002","article-title":"Effects of electronic cigarettes on oral cavity: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Ralho","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Evid Based Dent Pract"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s40429-022-00413-y","article-title":"Cannabis vaping among youth and young adults: a scoping review","volume":"9","author":"Harrell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Addict Rep"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref10","volume-title":"King\u2019s College London: A Report Commissioned by the Office for Health Improvement and Disparities.","author":"McNeill","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1080\/10408444.2020.1713726","article-title":"The oral health impact of electronic cigarette use: a systematic review","volume":"50","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Rev Toxicol"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959622","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.959622","article-title":"Chronic health effects associated with electronic cigarette use: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Wasfi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105910","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105910","article-title":"Oral health effects of non-combustible nicotine products: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"160","author":"La Rosa","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2025.105117","article-title":"The health effects of vaping and e-cigarettes: consensus recommendations","volume":"148","author":"Kouzoukas","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.46658\/JBIRM-19-01","article-title":"Chapter 11: scoping reviews (2020 version","volume-title":"JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis","author":"Peters","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref16","volume-title":"JBI","author":"Aromataris","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4","article-title":"Rayyan\u2014a web and mobile app for systematic reviews","volume":"5","author":"Ouzzani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850","article-title":"PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation","volume":"169","author":"Tricco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2018.06.007","article-title":"Missed opportunities for detecting alternative nicotine product use in youth: data from the National Dental Practice\u2013Based Research Network","volume":"63","author":"Isett","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref20","volume-title":"Knowledge, Opinions, and Behaviors of North Carolina Nurses and Dental Hygienists Regarding Electronic Cigarettes","author":"Cunningham","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref21","volume-title":"Perceptions and Behavior Regarding E-Cigarettes among Dental Practitioners","author":"Knowledge","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2023.06.030","article-title":"Dental hygienists Knowledge, beliefs, and intentions regarding asking adolescents about electronic nicotine delivery systems use","volume":"73","author":"Sundstrom","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1177\/2380084419861384","article-title":"Dental professionals' engagement in tobacco, electronic cigarette, and cannabis patient counseling","volume":"5","author":"Chaffee","year":"2020","journal-title":"JDR Clin Trans Res"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S340","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_915_21","article-title":"Knowledge and perception of e-cigarettes among dental students in Riyadh region Saudi Arabia","volume":"14","author":"Sharanesha","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pharm Bioallied Sci"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827089","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.827089","article-title":"Prevalence, knowledge and attitude toward electronic cigarette use among male health colleges students in Saudi Arabia\u2014a cross-sectional study","volume":"10","author":"Alsanea","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref26","volume-title":"Knowledge and Behavior of Riyadh Elm University Dental Students towards Electronic Cigarettes","author":"Abu","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.21815\/JDE.019.162","article-title":"Dental students' knowledge and attitudes about electronic cigarettes: a cross-sectional study at one Saudi university","volume":"84","author":"Natto","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Dent Educ"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0276191","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0276191","article-title":"Knowledge, beliefs, attitude, and practices of E-cigarette use among dental students: a multinational survey","volume":"17","author":"Alhajj","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e751","DOI":"10.1111\/eje.12390","article-title":"The need to educate future dental professionals on E-cigarette effects","volume":"22","author":"Mart\u00edn Carreras-Presas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J dent Educ"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1159\/000509611","article-title":"Tobacco use, knowledge about smoking-associated risks, and cessation programs among dental students in Germany\u2013todent","volume":"99","author":"Bauer-Kemeny","year":"2020","journal-title":"Respiration."},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cegh.2023.101443","article-title":"Physicians, pharmacists, and dentists\u2019 knowledge and attitudes toward the use of electronic cigarettes","volume":"24","author":"Mohammad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol Glob Health"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref32","first-page":"741","article-title":"Knowledge and perceptions regarding tobacco harm reduction among dentists in West Java, Indonesia","volume":"15","author":"Ramadhani","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Int Dent Med Res"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.30979\/rev.abeno.v21i1.1099","article-title":"Level of knowledge of undergraduate dental students about electronic cigarettes","volume":"21","author":"Guckert","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev ABENO"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2018.1026","article-title":"Dental professionals' opinions and knowledge of smoking cessation and electronic cigarettes: a cross-sectional survey in the north of England","volume":"225","author":"Ahmed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3474","DOI":"10.5958\/0976-5506.2019.04121.4","article-title":"Awareness, knowledge, attitude and practices of e-cigarettes among undergraduate dental students","volume":"10","author":"Savitha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Public Health Res Dev"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2014.596","article-title":"Patients are asking about e-cigarettes. What do we tell them?","volume":"217","author":"Worsley","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2016.01.008","article-title":"The changing tobacco landscape: what dental professionals need to know","volume":"147","author":"Couch","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref38","first-page":"45","article-title":"E cigarettes, vaping and chairside education","volume":"37","author":"Sherry","year":"2017","journal-title":"RDH."},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref39","first-page":"18","article-title":"Electronic cigarettes from a dental perspective","volume":"95","author":"Hani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ontario Dentist"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12229","article-title":"Personalized periodontal treatment for the tobacco- and alcohol-using patient","volume":"78","author":"Ryder","year":"2000","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref41","volume-title":"Vaping and Oral Health: It's Worse Than You Think","author":"Froum"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref42","first-page":"43","article-title":"Electronic nicotine delivery systems: current trends and patient education opportunities for dental hygienists","volume":"93","author":"Loewen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Dent Hyg"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref43","first-page":"26","article-title":"Oral and systemic impacts of electronic nicotine delivery systems: a narrative review. Review","volume":"42","author":"Alamoudi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Compend Contin Educ Dent"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12395","article-title":"Oral and periodontal implications of tobacco and nicotine products","volume":"87","author":"Chaffee","year":"2000","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12810","article-title":"Electronic nicotine delivery systems: oral health implications and oral cancer risk","volume":"50","author":"Sultan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref46","volume-title":"ADA House of Delegates \"Policy on Tobacco Use and Vaping\"","author":"American Dental Association"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref47","volume-title":"Institute for Oral Health Fact Sheet: Clearing the Air\u2014The Relationship Between Electronic Cigarette Use, Vaping, and Oral Health","author":"CareQuest"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref48","volume-title":"Dentists Warn on Vaping Danger in Oral Health Charter","author":"McKeith","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref49","volume-title":"How to Counsel Youth and Young Adults on Tobacco Use in Dental Settings. Nyc.gov"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2015.07.002","article-title":"Electronic cigarettes. The tobacco industry's latest threat to oral health","volume":"146","author":"Tomar","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2020.01.003","article-title":"Living under a cloud. Electronic cigarettes and the dental patient","volume":"151","author":"Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1177\/1524839920914870","article-title":"Development of an E-cigarettes education and cessation program: a South Texas Oral Health Network Study","volume":"22","author":"Mungia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Promot Pract"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2021.07.014","article-title":"Smoking cessation counseling and treatment: an American dental association clinical evaluators panel survey","volume":"152","author":"Kumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref54","first-page":"542","article-title":"Implementation of a youth and young adult e-cigarette cessation program within a dental clinic setting: a SToHN feasibility study","volume":"139","author":"Mungia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tex Dent J"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref55","first-page":"344","author":"","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref56","article-title":"Chapter 5: Periodontal diseases","volume-title":"Delivering Better Oral Health: An Evidence-Based Toolkit for Prevention","author":"Gov.UK","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.denabs.2018.11.023","article-title":"Juuling","volume":"64","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dent Abstr"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref58","article-title":"Vaping fact sheet","volume-title":"College of Dental Hygienists of Ontario. Canada","author":"College of Dental Hygienists of Ontario","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref59","first-page":"28","article-title":"How young people in Aotearoa perceive vaping and the associated oral health risks","volume":"136","author":"Hang","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2022.09.013","article-title":"A comparison of the caries risk between patients who use vapes or electronic cigarettes and those who do not: a cross-sectional study","volume":"153","author":"Irusa","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858","article-title":"Interventions for quitting vaping","volume":"15","author":"Butler","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9980011","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/9980011","article-title":"The role of electronic cigarettes in dental caries: a scoping review","volume":"2023","author":"Gaur","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scientifica."},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.18332\/tid\/156676","article-title":"The prevalence of xerostomia among e-cigarette or combustible tobacco users: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Tob Induc Dis"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2023.01.009","article-title":"Oral and maxillofacial injuries associated with E-cigarette explosions: a systematic review and management guidelines proposal","volume":"81","author":"Tran","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1080\/00016357.2017.1406613","article-title":"Oral mucosal lesions in electronic cigarettes consumers versus former smokers","volume":"76","author":"Bardellini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2019.03.088","article-title":"Dermatologic manifestations associated with electronic cigarette use","volume":"81","author":"Visconti","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e24084","volume":"10","author":"Gupta","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12436","article-title":"The effect of electronic cigarettes on dental enamel color","volume":"31","author":"Pintado-Palomino","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Esthet Restor Dent"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0187399","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0187399","article-title":"Relationship between spending on electronic cigarettes, 30-day use, and disease symptoms among current adult cigarette smokers in the US","volume":"12","author":"Yao","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20287","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-05439-6","article-title":"Halitosis among users of electronic nicotine delivery systems in a multi-center cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"Saleh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026102700004592400_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.12902","article-title":"Oral Candida carriage among cigarette- and waterpipe-smokers, and electronic cigarette users","volume":"25","author":"Mokeem","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oral Dis"}],"container-title":["Nicotine &amp; Tobacco Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ntr\/ntag061\/67550976\/ntag061.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article-pdf\/28\/11\/1773\/67550976\/ntag061.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article-pdf\/28\/11\/1773\/67550976\/ntag061.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T04:00:57Z","timestamp":1793073657000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article\/28\/11\/1773\/8541693"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ntr\/ntag061","relation":{},"ISSN":["1469-994X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1469-994X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]}}}