{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T17:54:50Z","timestamp":1782496490660,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782086400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Innovation in Regulatory Science Award"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000861","name":"Burroughs Wellcome Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000861","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Noncommercial social media content presents vaping and nicotine addiction in both positive and negative terms. The effect of exposure to this content on young adults\u2019 attitudes, beliefs, and intentions to vape is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We randomized 1816 US young adults to view a series of real (ie, not simulated), noncommercial, publicly accessible social media videos about nicotine addiction of the same valence (positive, negative, or control unrelated to nicotine addiction). Exposures included both YouTube and TikTok videos that had been uploaded to the YouTube platform. We explored associations between the social media exposure and intentions to use or quit e-cigarettes or cigarettes and related normative beliefs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Controlling for tobacco use and sociodemographic characteristics, the positive valence group had 49% higher adjusted odds (1.49, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.08 to 2.04, P\u2009=\u2009.014) of reporting intentions to vape, but not smoke, compared with the control group. The negative valence group reported higher intentions to quit smoking, but not quit vaping, after adjustment (\u03b2\u2009=\u20091.36, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.38 to 2.34, P\u2009=\u2009.007). Further, the negative valence group estimated a higher prevalence of peer vaping (\u03b2\u2009=\u20093.26, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.33 to 6.19, P\u2009=\u2009.029) compared to the control group after adjustment. Injunctive normative beliefs were not significantly different between groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Brief exposure to videos that showed nicotine addiction in a favorable light was associated with greater vape intentions among young adults; content of different valences had differential impacts on subjective norms measures. Findings suggest the importance of actions to limit exposure to tobacco-related content on social media.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this randomized controlled experiment of US young adults, exposure to social media content that glamorized vaping was associated with nearly 50% higher odds of reporting intentions to vape. Findings add to a growing body of literature suggesting that noncommercial social media content about e-cigarettes influences behavioral intentions, beliefs, attitudes, and\/or use of e-cigarettes among young people.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntag129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T11:24:42Z","timestamp":1782127482000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of exposure to negative and positive social media content about vaping and nicotine addiction on beliefs and intentions to use e-cigarettes among young adults in the United States: results from a randomized controlled experiment"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3385-6468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristy L","family":"Marynak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University , 624 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3869-3637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna E","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University , 624 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21205,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8929-9579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes","family":"Thrul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University , 624 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9448-5234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan D","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University , 624 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21205,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3883-9720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rupali","family":"Limaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University , 624 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6745-6668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meghan B","family":"Moran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University , 624 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026062613371726000_ref1","volume-title":"Tobacco Product Use among Adults, 2022","author":"CDC","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026062613371726000_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a012120","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a012120","article-title":"Short- and long-term consequences of nicotine exposure during adolescence for prefrontal cortex neuronal network function","volume":"2","author":"Goriounova","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med"},{"key":"2026062613371726000_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4603(99)00072-6","article-title":"Optimistic bias in adolescent and adult smokers and nonsmokers","volume":"25","author":"Arnett","year":"2000","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"2026062613371726000_ref4","volume-title":"E-Cigarette Use among Youth and Young Adults: A Report of the Surgeon General","author":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026062613371726000_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2013.07.001","article-title":"Peer influences: the impact of online and offline friendship networks on adolescent smoking and alcohol use","volume":"54","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"key":"2026062613371726000_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-016-0609-9","article-title":"Media as a \u201csuper peer\u201d: how adolescents interpret media messages predicts their perception of alcohol and tobacco use norms","volume":"46","author":"Elmore","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Youth Adolesc"},{"key":"2026062613371726000_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2016.01.011","article-title":"Different digital paths to the keg? 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