{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T10:13:20Z","timestamp":1790244800854,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntag158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T11:55:47Z","timestamp":1783598147000},"page":"1631-1634","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Thinking outside the box to reduce health inequities in prenatal nicotine and tobacco exposure"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8264-3485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natacha M","family":"De Genna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , 3811 O\u2019Hara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health , Pittsburgh, PA 15213 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2138-968X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura R","family":"Stroud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior and Behavioral and Social Sciences, Center for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, Brown University Health , Providence, RI 02906 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Miriam Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University , Providence, RI 02906 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1916-836X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yael","family":"Bar-Zeev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical Centre , Jerusalem 9112102 ,","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntx034","article-title":"Smoking in pregnancy: an ongoing challenge","volume":"19","author":"Bauld","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12989","article-title":"Prevalence of smoking during pregnancy and associated social inequalities in developed countries over the 1995-2020 period: a systematic review","volume":"37","author":"Bonello","year":"2023","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e769","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30223-7","article-title":"National, regional, and global prevalence of smoking during pregnancy in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Lange","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-020-2748-y","article-title":"Trends in smoking during pregnancy by socioeconomic characteristics in the United States, 2010-2017","volume":"20","author":"Azagba","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2014.06.026","article-title":"Smoking during pregnancy was up to 70% more common in the most deprived municipalities\u2014a multilevel analysis of all singleton births during 2005\u20132010 in Finland","volume":"67","author":"R\u00e4is\u00e4nen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-14-213","article-title":"Characteristics of women who continue smoking during pregnancy: a cross-sectional study of pregnant women and new mothers in 15 European countries","volume":"14","author":"Smedberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2023.0641","article-title":"Trends in smoking before, during, and after pregnancy in the United States from 2000 to 2020: pregnancy risk assessment monitoring system","volume":"33","author":"Zaganjor","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Women\u2019s Health"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1089\/lgbt.2023.0026","article-title":"Prenatal substance use among young pregnant sexual minority people","volume":"11","author":"De Genna","year":"2024","journal-title":"LGBT Health"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.06.021","article-title":"Smoking during pregnancy in the United States, 2005\u20132014: the role of depression","volume":"179","author":"Goodwin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000690","article-title":"Trends in use of conventional cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and marijuana in pregnancy and impact of health policy","volume":"65","author":"Hawkins","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-021-01055-3","article-title":"Patterns and trends in use of electronic nicotine delivery systems before and during pregnancy: pregnancy risk assessment monitoring system, United States, 2016\u20132019","volume":"47","author":"Head","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Community Health"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.03.025","article-title":"Marijuana and tobacco co-use among a nationally representative sample of US pregnant and non-pregnant women: 2005\u20132014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health findings","volume":"177","author":"Coleman-Cowger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2007.126631","article-title":"Secondhand smoke exposure among women and children: evidence from 31 countries","volume":"98","author":"Wipfli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2018.10.020","article-title":"Social determinants of smoke exposure during pregnancy: findings from waves 1 & 2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study","volume":"12","author":"Do","year":"2018","journal-title":"Preventative Medicine Reports"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntaf126","article-title":"Factors associated with not smoking and ceasing smoking during pregnancy among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women","author":"Bryant","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntaf261","article-title":"Experience and perceptions of perinatal smoke exposure among ultra-orthodox women in Israel","author":"Videl","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntag037","article-title":"Healthcare professionals\u2019 experiences of supporting pregnant women with mental illness with their smoking behaviours: a qualitative study","author":"Jones","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntab017","article-title":"Vaping in pregnancy: a systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Calder","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntaf141","article-title":"A preconception cohort study of nicotine vaping and incidence of spontaneous abortion","author":"Le","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntag118","article-title":"Birth outcomes following intrauterine exposure to electronic nicotine delivery systems: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Johnstone","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntag011","article-title":"Between concern and uncertainty: how health-care professionals approach smoking and vaping in pregnancy","author":"Binder","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2026.113101","article-title":"Substance use patterns among individuals who consume alcohol during pregnancy: results from a US multi-site study","volume":"282","author":"Bakhireva","year":"2026","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.24-00210","article-title":"Typologies of maternal substance use in pregnancy: latent classes and sociodemographic correlates in a US sample","volume":"86","author":"Jenkins","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Stud Alcohol Drugs"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0001004","article-title":"Use and co-use of tobacco and cannabis before, during, and after pregnancy: a longitudinal analysis of waves 1\u20135 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study","volume":"38","author":"Powers","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychol Addict Behav"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref25","first-page":"ntag088","article-title":"Prenatal substance exposure and early childhood adversity: implications for child autonomic functioning at early school-age","author":"Kelm","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntag055","article-title":"Modifying effects of pregnancy on the association of heavy alcohol consumption with e-cigarette, cigarette, and dual use among females of reproductive age","author":"Osibogun","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ntag138","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntag138","article-title":"Associations between recreational cannabis legalization and disparities in prenatal tobacco and cannabis use","author":"Hawkins","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ntaf251","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntaf251","article-title":"Prenatal tobacco-cannabis co-use: a mixed-methods, convergent parallel study","author":"Alaniz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2021.107050","article-title":"Smoking and vaping patterns during pregnancy and the postpartum: a longitudinal UK cohort survey","volume":"123","author":"Bowker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref30","first-page":"140","article-title":"Fluctuations of maternal smoking during pregnancy","volume":"101","author":"Pickett","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-023-05608-3","article-title":"Smokers\u2019 utilization of quitting methods and vaping during pregnancy: an empirical cluster analysis of 2016\u20132018 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) data in seven US states","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ntag140","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntag140","article-title":"Tobacco cessation treatment in pregnancy: insights from Florida Medicaid claims data","author":"Olson","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref33","first-page":"ntag089","article-title":"Impact of prepregnancy menthol cigarette use on smoking cessation across pregnancy and postpartum: a longitudinal analysis of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study","author":"Sharma","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref34","first-page":"ntaf262","article-title":"Predictors of quit attempts and successful smoking abstinence in pregnancy: an exploratory analysis of a pooled clinical trial dataset","author":"Igoe","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-025-00614-6","article-title":"Are psychosocial smoking cessation interventions delivered in pregnancy equally effective? A systematic review, meta-analysis and equity analysis of moderation analyses in randomized controlled trials","volume":"49","author":"Tatton","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Behav Med"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntx163","article-title":"Predictors of postpartum return to smoking: a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Orton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2015.5244","article-title":"Postpartum smoking relapse after quitting during pregnancy: pregnancy risk assessment monitoring system, 2000\u20132011","volume":"25","author":"Rockhill","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Women's Health"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.5694\/mja17.00446","article-title":"Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation during pregnancy","volume":"208","author":"Bar-Zeev","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01795-2","article-title":"Unclear role for e-cigarettes during pregnancy","volume":"28","author":"Bar-Zeev","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ntaf224","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntaf224","article-title":"Australian women\u2019s perspectives on preventing postpartum relapse or quitting smoking or vaping in the postpartum year","author":"Barnes","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2026092405570803700_ref41","first-page":"ntaf217","article-title":"Identifying and integrating behavior change techniques into an indigenous-led group-based smoking and vaping cessation program for women during pregnancy and the perinatal period: upholding indigenous knowledges and rights in research","author":"Maidment","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"}],"container-title":["Nicotine & Tobacco Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ntr\/ntag158\/68754502\/ntag158.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article-pdf\/28\/10\/1631\/68754502\/ntag158.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article-pdf\/28\/10\/1631\/68754502\/ntag158.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T09:57:15Z","timestamp":1790243835000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article\/28\/10\/1631\/8731889"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ntr\/ntag158","relation":{},"ISSN":["1469-994X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1469-994X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]}}}