{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T16:08:46Z","timestamp":1789402126205,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01CA201262"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA201262"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Positive Psychology Interventions (PPIs) aim to enhance well-being and have shown promise in improving mental health and augmenting behavioral interventions. Although pilot studies have suggested PPIs may support smoking cessation, no full-scale randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have tested their efficacy in this context.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this RCT, 271 adults who smoked \u22655 cigarettes per day (55.2% female, mean age\u2009=\u200949.2 (SD\u2009=\u200912.0); average cigarettes per day\u2009=\u200916.9 [SD\u2009=\u20097.0]) were randomized to six sessions of Positive Psychotherapy for Smoking Cessation with text messaging (PPT-S+) or a time-matched standard treatment with text messaging (ST+). All participants received eight weeks of nicotine replacement therapy (transdermal nicotine patch). The primary outcome was biochemically-confirmed 7-day point-prevalence smoking abstinence at 12, 26, and 52 post quit date.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seven-day point-prevalence abstinence did not differ significantly by condition: 20.9%, 19.4%, and 19.4% at 12, 26, and 52\u00a0weeks in PPT-S+ compared to 19.1%, 20.6%, and 21.4% at 12, 26, and 52\u00a0weeks in ST+. Conditions did not differ in self-reported use of positive psychology-consistent strategies for quitting smoking at posttreatment, representing an implementation failure, and these strategies did not significantly predict subsequent smoking outcomes. Those in ST+ rated the text messaging program as significantly more helpful than those in PPT-S+.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PPT-S+ did not improve smoking cessation outcomes compared to a time-matched control. The completion of positive psychology exercises through text messaging may have reduced the helpfulness of the text-messaging support program received in both conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results indicated no added benefit of incorporating a positive psychology intervention into smoking cessation counseling that also included text messaging support for cessation and nicotine patch. One potential explanation for this negative result is that there may be interference effects when additional text messaging-based interventions are added to smoking cessation support; participants who did not have this additional content rated the text messaging program as more helpful overall to their smoking cessation efforts than those who did, which suggests caution in delivering text messaging programs that may have too much or too diverse a content.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Lay summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study did not find any difference in smoking cessation success between a program that included positive psychology exercises and one that included relaxation training.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntag196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T19:31:50Z","timestamp":1788204710000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Positive psychotherapy for smoking cessation enhanced with text messaging: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6248-4149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher W","family":"Kahler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies and the Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health , Providence, RI 02912 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia A","family":"Cioe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Rhode Island School of Nursing , Providence, RI 02903 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5577-659X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bettina B","family":"Hoeppner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA 02114 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8476-5099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan","family":"Strowger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies and the Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health , Providence, RI 02912 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1332-195X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tessa","family":"Nalven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies and the Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health , Providence, RI 02912 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nichea S","family":"Spillane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island , Kingston, RI 02881 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Acacia","family":"Parks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liquid Amber , Courtland, OH 44410 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beth C","family":"Bock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alpert Medical School of Brown University and The Miriam Hospital , Providence, RI 02906 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1458-9285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard A","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and School of Nursing, University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091412010692900_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.55.1.5","article-title":"Positive psychology an introduction","volume":"55","author":"Seligman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"2026091412010692900_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1080\/17439760.2020.1818807","article-title":"Effectiveness of positive psychology interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Carr","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Posit Psychol"},{"key":"2026091412010692900_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2022.107214","article-title":"Can positive psychological interventions improve health behaviors? 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