{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T16:51:36Z","timestamp":1791305496743,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The tobacco industry frequently uses corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities to build relationships with stakeholders and maintain its legitimacy despite the health harms caused by its products. In Poland, where direct tobacco advertising is prohibited, CSR may serve as an indirect mechanism of industry influence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a comprehensive review of publicly available information on CSR-related activities by the four largest tobacco companies in Poland (Philip Morris Polska, British American Tobacco Polska, Japan Tobacco International Polska, Imperial Tobacco Polska) from late 2019 through 2024. Sources included legal documents, government and local government websites, media reports, and the companies\u2019 social media, following a protocol aligned with the 6th recommendation of the Guidelines for Implementation of Article 5.3 of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified four major categories of tobacco industry CSR activities: partnerships with educational institutions, cooperation with public institutions and government agencies, charitable initiatives, and engagement in policy and legislative processes. Across these categories, tobacco companies built relationships with public institutions and policymakers while presenting their activities as socially beneficial. Collectively, these activities extended beyond philanthropy, strengthening the industry\u2019s legitimacy despite restrictions on direct tobacco advertising.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings suggest that tobacco industry CSR in Poland functions as a broader mechanism of influence rather than solely as a philanthropic activity. Strengthening the implementation of WHO FCTC Article 5.3, increasing awareness among public institutions, and ensuring greater transparency in interactions with the tobacco industry are essential to protect public health policymaking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrates that tobacco industry CSR activities in Poland function as a form of policy and reputational influence rather than neutral philanthropy. By documenting interactions with public institutions, educational bodies, and government representatives, the findings provide empirical evidence relevant to the implementation of WHO FCTC Article 5.3. Strengthening transparency rules, limiting partnerships, and increasing awareness among public officials may reduce the risk of industry interference. These results may inform future research on CSR as a political strategy and support the development of stronger tobacco control policies in Central and Eastern Europe.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntag213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T14:26:50Z","timestamp":1789568810000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tobacco industry corporate social responsibility activities in Poland in the years 2019\u20132024"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8954-4191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulina","family":"Dera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"First Doctoral School of the Medical University of Gdansk , 80-210 Gdansk ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Banach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk , 80-210 Gdansk ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakub","family":"Majchrzak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk , 80-210 Gdansk ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof B","family":"Klimiuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health, National Cancer Institute , Bethesda , MD 20892,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6071-8493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Parascandola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health, National Cancer Institute , Bethesda , MD 20892,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Kalinowska-Beszczynska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Social Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk , 80-210 Gdansk ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukasz","family":"Balwicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Social Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk , 80-210 Gdansk ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100612000790400_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jphr.2020.1742","DOI":"10.4081\/jphr.2020.1742","article-title":"Corporate social responsibility and external stakeholders\u2019 health and wellbeing: a viewpoint","volume":"9","author":"Hisw\u00e5ls","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Public Health Res"},{"key":"2026100612000790400_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/s10551-012-1250-5","article-title":"The limits of corporate social responsibility: techniques of neutralization, stakeholder management and political CSR","volume":"112","author":"Fooks","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bus Ethics"},{"key":"2026100612000790400_ref3","volume-title":"Tobacco Industry Monitor.","author":"Tobacco-related CSR activities","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026100612000790400_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002125","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002125","article-title":"The policy dystopia model: an interpretive analysis of tobacco industry political activity","volume":"13","author":"Ulucanlar","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2026100612000790400_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2018-054646","article-title":"\u2018Pro-tobacco propaganda\u2019: a case study of tobacco industry-sponsored elementary schools in China","volume":"29","author":"Fang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"2026100612000790400_ref6","author":"List of members of National Association of the Tobacco Industry"},{"key":"2026100612000790400_ref7","volume-title":"Guidelines for Implementation of Article 5.3","author":"WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control"},{"key":"2026100612000790400_ref8","author":"National Tobacco Industry Association"},{"key":"2026100612000790400_ref9","author":"Global Center for Good Governance in Tobacco Control (GGTC)"},{"key":"2026100612000790400_ref10","author":"Global Tobacco Industry Interference Index - 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