{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T06:11:44Z","timestamp":1790230304254,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,29]],"date-time":"2017-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GNT1061978"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1061978"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,14]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntx186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,17]],"date-time":"2017-08-17T23:12:13Z","timestamp":1503011533000},"page":"1038-1046","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Smokers\u2019 Understandings of Addiction to Nicotine and Tobacco: A Systematic Review and Interpretive Synthesis of Quantitative and Qualitative Research"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Pfeffer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Britta","family":"Wigginton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Coral","family":"Gartner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kylie","family":"Morphett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0001","volume-title":"The Health Consequences of Smoking: Nicotine Addiction","author":"US Surgeon General","year":"1988"},{"issue":"2","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2011-050348","article-title":"Improving smoking cessation approaches at the individual level","volume":"21","author":"Aveyard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0003","volume-title":"Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence: 2008 Update","author":"Fiore","year":"2008"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1017\/jsc.2013.20","article-title":"New terminology for the treatment of tobacco dependence: a proposal for debate","volume":"8","author":"Wolff","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Smok Cessat"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013","edition":"5th ed"},{"issue":"9","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01879.x","article-title":"The Fagerstr\u00f6m Test for Nicotine Dependence: a revision of the Fagerstr\u00f6m Tolerance Questionnaire","volume":"86","author":"Heatherton","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br J Addict"},{"issue":"7","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1989.tb03059.x","article-title":"Measuring the heaviness of smoking: using self-reported time to the first cigarette of the day and number of cigarettes smoked per day","volume":"84","author":"Heatherton","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Addict"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1080\/14622200412331328394","article-title":"Measuring adults\u2019 loss of autonomy over nicotine use: the Hooked on Nicotine Checklist","volume":"7","author":"Wellman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntr137","article-title":"Determinants of tobacco use and renaming the FTND to the Fagerstrom Test for Cigarette Dependence","volume":"14","author":"Fagerstr\u00f6m","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0010","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994","edition":"4th ed"},{"issue":"3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2012.01.006","article-title":"Nicotine control: e-cigarettes, smoking and addiction","volume":"23","author":"Bell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"issue":"6","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2015.02.002","article-title":"Nicorette reborn? E-cigarettes in light of the history of nicotine replacement technology","volume":"26","author":"Elam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S45","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1077(199706)12:2+<S45::AID-HUP901>3.0.CO;2-J","article-title":"Two tales of addiction; opium and nicotine","volume":"12","author":"Berridge","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hum Psychopharm Clin"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0014","article-title":"Medicalisation, smoking and e-cigarettes: evidence and implications","author":"Morphett","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"issue":"7","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntx006","article-title":"Framing tobacco dependence as a \u201cbrain disease\u201d: implications for policy and practice","volume":"19","author":"Morphett","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.04.028","article-title":"Molecules and circuits involved in nicotine addiction: the many faces of smoking","volume":"76(pt B)","author":"Picciotto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0017","first-page":"4","article-title":"Neuronal mechanisms underlying development of nicotine dependence: implications for novel smoking-cessation treatments","volume":"6","author":"D\u2019Souza","year":"2011","journal-title":"Addict Sci Clin Pract"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-111314-033712","article-title":"The past, present, and future of nicotine addiction therapy","volume":"67","author":"Prochaska","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"issue":"e1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e35","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2016-053150","article-title":"Paying more attention to the \u2018elephant in the room\u2019","volume":"26","author":"Borland","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"issue":"5","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2014-051933","article-title":"Duelling letters: which one would you sign","volume":"23","author":"Gartner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.3109\/16066359.2012.727505","article-title":"A systematic review of smoking youths\u2019 perceptions of addiction and health risks associated with smoking: utilizing the framework of the health belief model","volume":"21","author":"Mantler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Addict Res Theory"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-6-35","article-title":"Conducting a critical interpretive synthesis of the literature on access to healthcare by vulnerable groups","volume":"6","author":"Dixon-Woods","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"7","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000097","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"6","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph6020608","article-title":"\u201cIt\u2019s all we got left\u201d. Why poor smokers are less sensitive to cigarette price increases","volume":"6","author":"Peretti-Watel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0025","author":"QSR International Pty Ltd"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2009.05.014","article-title":"The use of morphine to treat cancer-related pain: a synthesis of quantitative and qualitative research","volume":"39","author":"Flemming","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"issue":"11","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13062","article-title":"Postpartum smoking relapse\u2014a thematic synthesis of qualitative studies","volume":"110","author":"Notley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0028","volume-title":"Methods for the Development of NICE Public Health Guidance (third edition): Appendix H Quality Appraisal Checklist\u2014Qualitative Studies","author":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence","year":"2012"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0029","volume-title":"Methods for the Development of NICE Public Health Guidance (third edition): Appendix G Quality Appraisal Checklist\u2014Quantitative Studies Reporting Correlations and Associations","author":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence","year":"2012"},{"issue":"12","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2014.07.014","article-title":"Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): explanation and elaboration","volume":"12","author":"Vandenbroucke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2011.0062","article-title":"What design features are used in effective e-health interventions? A review using techniques from Critical Interpretive Synthesis","volume":"18","author":"Morrison","year":"2012","journal-title":"Telemed J E Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4603(99)00072-6","article-title":"Optimistic bias in adolescent and adult smokers and nonsmokers","volume":"25","author":"Arnett","year":"2000","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03404811","article-title":"Knowledge about tobacco and attitudes toward tobacco control: how different are smokers and nonsmokers","volume":"91","author":"Ashley","year":"2000","journal-title":"Can J Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntp023","article-title":"Adolescent nondaily smokers: favorable views of tobacco yet receptive to cessation","volume":"11","author":"Carpenter","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199906000-00008","article-title":"French adolescent smoking and perception of quitting","volume":"38","author":"Chabrol","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1746-1561.2007.00190.x","article-title":"Social influences, and attitudes and beliefs associated with smoking among border Latino youth","volume":"77","author":"Chalela","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Sch Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03404224","article-title":"Smokers and non-smokers differ in their beliefs about their addiction: public health implications","volume":"103","author":"Cunningham","year":"2012","journal-title":"Can J Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1997.85.1.115","article-title":"Self-recognition of alcohol and cigarette dependency among high school seniors","volume":"85","author":"Daughton","year":"1997","journal-title":"Percept Mot Skills"},{"issue":"12","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntq168","article-title":"Are occasional smokers a heterogeneous group? An exploratory study","volume":"12","author":"Edwards","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1997.tb03379.x","article-title":"Adult smokers who do not smoke daily","volume":"92","author":"Gilpin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2004.02.017","article-title":"Perceived risks and benefits of smoking: differences among adolescents with different smoking experiences and intentions","volume":"39","author":"Halpern-Felsher","year":"2004","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2009.06.013","article-title":"Smokers\u2019 beliefs about the inability to stop smoking","volume":"34","author":"Hughes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1080\/00224545.1992.9713895","article-title":"Attitudes, perceptions, and risk-taking behaviors of smokers, ex-smokers, and nonsmokers","volume":"132","author":"Jenks","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Soc Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1080\/00224545.1994.9711740","article-title":"Attitudes and perceptions toward smoking: smokers\u2019 views of themselves and other smokers","volume":"134","author":"Jenks","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Soc Psychol"},{"issue":"8","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1080\/14622200701484987","article-title":"Smoking, but not smokers: identity among college students who smoke cigarettes","volume":"9","author":"Levinson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1177\/109019819001700305","article-title":"Attitudes and behaviors of Hispanic smokers: implications for cessation interventions","volume":"17","author":"Marin","year":"1990","journal-title":"Health Educ Q"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4603(90)90008-L","article-title":"Physical dependence and attributions of addiction among cigarette smokers","volume":"15","author":"Martin","year":"1990","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"issue":"11","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2008.05.008","article-title":"Adolescents\u2019 self-defined tobacco use status, marijuana use, and tobacco dependence","volume":"33","author":"Okoli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"issue":"6","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(18)30684-6","article-title":"Cigarette smoking behavior and beliefs of Hispanics in California","volume":"9","author":"Palinkas","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e46782","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0046782","article-title":"Neural responses to smoking stimuli are influenced by smokers\u2019 attitudes towards their own smoking behaviour","volume":"7","author":"Stippekohl","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2850.2010.01674.x","article-title":"Nicotine dependence and gender differences in smokers accessing community mental health services","volume":"18","author":"Torchalla","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S375","DOI":"10.1080\/14622200412331320789","article-title":"Accuracy and optimism in smokers\u2019 beliefs about quitting","volume":"6(suppl 3)","author":"Weinstein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"issue":"5 suppl","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eS1","DOI":"10.4278\/ajhp.100616-QUAN-200","article-title":"Distinct beliefs, attitudes, and experiences of Latino smokers: relevance for cessation interventions","volume":"25","author":"Zinser","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Health Promot"},{"issue":"13","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1080\/10826080601006433","article-title":"What Chinese adolescents think about quitting smoking: a qualitative study","volume":"41","author":"Abdullah","year":"2006","journal-title":"Subst Use Misuse"},{"issue":"2","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/cyh054","article-title":"Ambivalence and uncertainty: experiences of and attitudes towards addiction and smoking cessation in the mid-to-late teens","volume":"21","author":"Amos","year":"2006","journal-title":"Health Educ Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(02)00124-7","article-title":"\u201cIt\u2019s like an addiction first thing.afterwards it\u2019s like a habit\u201d: daily smoking behaviour among people living in areas of deprivation","volume":"56","author":"Bancroft","year":"2003","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s13011-015-0012-7","article-title":"Smoking cessation among transit workers: beliefs and perceptions among an at-risk occupational group","volume":"10","author":"Battle","year":"2015","journal-title":"Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy"},{"issue":"4","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1037\/a0033790","article-title":"Perceptions of addiction, attempts to quit, and successful quitting in nondaily and daily smokers","volume":"27","author":"Berg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol Addict Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0059","first-page":"22","article-title":"Adolescent constructions of nicotine addiction","volume":"36","author":"Bottorff","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can J Nurs Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/S0027-9684(15)30339-4","article-title":"Barriers and facilitators to smoking cessation among Latino adults","volume":"103","author":"Carter-Pokras","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Natl Med Assoc"},{"issue":"8","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1080\/08870440903151080","article-title":"A Q-methodological study of smoking identities","volume":"25","author":"Farrimond","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychol Health"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1298(199709)7:4<285::AID-CASP407>3.0.CO;2-N","article-title":"\u201cYou get the nicotine and that in your blood\u201d: constructions of addiction and control in women\u2019s accounts of cigarette smoking","volume":"7","author":"Gillies","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Community Appl Soc Psychol"},{"issue":"7","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(02)00150-8","article-title":"Tobacco dependence: adolescents\u2019 perspectives on the need to smoke","volume":"56","author":"Johnson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1071\/HE10208","article-title":"Try and try again\u2014qualitative insights into adolescent smoking experimentation and notions of addiction","volume":"21","author":"Leavy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Health Promot J Austr"},{"issue":"5","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1177\/104973201129119361","article-title":"Through the haze of cigarettes: teenage girls\u2019 stories about cigarette addiction","volume":"11","author":"Moffat","year":"2001","journal-title":"Qual Health Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1080\/14622200210123000","article-title":"The hardest thing is the habit: a qualitative investigation of adolescent smokers\u2019 experience of nicotine dependence","volume":"4","author":"O\u2019Loughlin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2001.969133713.x","article-title":"Dependent behaviours and beliefs: a qualitative study of older long-term smokers with arterial disease","volume":"96","author":"Parry","year":"2001","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"4","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2005.10399819","article-title":"Beliefs and social norms about smoking onset and addictions among urban adolescent cigarette smokers","volume":"37","author":"Peters","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Psychoactive Drugs"},{"issue":"4","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1525\/maq.2002.16.4.439","article-title":"Why do teens smoke? American Indian and Hispanic adolescents\u2019 perspectives on functional values and addiction","volume":"16","author":"Quintero","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med Anthropol Q"},{"issue":"4","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1177\/1524839909349179","article-title":"The use of focus groups to compare tobacco attitudes and behaviors between youth in urban and rural settings","volume":"12","author":"Rothwell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Health Promot Pract"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1080\/16066350601179464","article-title":"To be one who continues to smoke: construction of legitimacy and meaning in young adults\u2019 accounts of smoking","volume":"15","author":"Scheffels","year":"2007","journal-title":"Addict Res Theory"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jana.2013.01.003","article-title":"Listening to those who are living with HIV and tobacco dependence and exploring their health care context","volume":"25","author":"Schultz","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1093\/hsw\/36.1.19","article-title":"The lived experiences of tobacco use, dependence, and cessation: insights and perspectives of people with mental illness","volume":"36","author":"Solivay","year":"2011","journal-title":"Health Soc Work"},{"issue":"6","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1080\/14622200310001615277","article-title":"Heavy smokers: a qualitative analysis of attitudes and beliefs concerning cessation and continued smoking","volume":"5","author":"Thompson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-432","article-title":"The forgotten smoker: a qualitative study of attitudes towards smoking, quitting, and tobacco control policies among continuing smokers","volume":"13","author":"Uppal","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/cyf031","article-title":"\u2018I came back here and started smoking again\u2019: perceptions and experiences of quitting among disadvantaged smokers","volume":"18","author":"Wiltshire","year":"2003","journal-title":"Health Educ Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2010.10.012","article-title":"Who are you going to believe? Adolescents and nicotine addiction","volume":"48","author":"DiFranza","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2011.10.018","article-title":"The developmental sequence of tobacco withdrawal symptoms of wanting, craving and needing","volume":"100","author":"DiFranza","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0079","author":"American Society for Addiction Medicine","year":"2015"},{"issue":"5335","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1126\/science.278.5335.45","article-title":"Addiction is a brain disease, and it matters","volume":"278","author":"Leshner","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"8","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(15)00236-9","article-title":"Brain disease model of addiction: why is it so controversial","volume":"2","author":"Volkow","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2016.03.004","article-title":"Scepticism and hope in a complex predicament: people with addictions deliberate about neuroscience","volume":"32","author":"Meurk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"issue":"3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12115","article-title":"Public attitudes in Australia towards the claim that addiction is a (brain) disease","volume":"33","author":"Meurk","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1108\/S1057-6290(2011)0000013011","article-title":"\u201cWe haven\u2019t sliced open anyone\u2019s brain yet\u201d: neuroscience, embodiment and the governance of addiction","volume-title":"Sociological Reflections on the Neurosciences (Advances in Medical Sociology)","author":"Netherland","year":"2011"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0085","first-page":"1","article-title":"\u2018Anytime, anywhere\u2019: vaping as social practice","author":"Keane","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.03.017","article-title":"Stigma and the ethics of public health: not can we but should we","volume":"67","author":"Bayer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.03.010","article-title":"Smoking and the emergence of a stigmatized social status","volume":"67","author":"Stuber","year":"2008","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-4762.2007.00768.x","article-title":"Moralising geographies: stigma, smoking islands and responsible subjects","volume":"39","author":"Thompson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Area"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0089","first-page":"1","article-title":"Differential access to health care and support? A qualitative analysis of how Australian smokers conceptualise and respond to stigma","volume":"2016","author":"Wigginton","journal-title":"Crit Public Health"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0090","first-page":"293","article-title":"Is it the nicotine? Australian smokers\u2019 accounts of nicotine addiction","volume":"2016","author":"Wigginton","journal-title":"Addict Res Theory"},{"issue":"e1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019030409060938100_CIT0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e60","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2014-052151","article-title":"Smokers\u2019 and ex-smokers\u2019 understanding of electronic cigarettes: a qualitative study","volume":"25","author":"Rooke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tob Control"}],"container-title":["Nicotine &amp; Tobacco Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article-pdf\/20\/9\/1038\/28008678\/ntx186.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,2]],"date-time":"2019-10-02T10:38:39Z","timestamp":1570012719000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article\/20\/9\/1038\/4096884"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,29]]},"references-count":91,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ntr\/ntx186","relation":{},"ISSN":["1469-994X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1469-994X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,29]]}}}