{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T05:20:25Z","timestamp":1789708825498,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,2]],"date-time":"2017-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#1P50CA180890"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#1P50CA180890"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009210","name":"Food and Drug Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009210","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010628","name":"Center for Tobacco Products","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010628","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntx196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,30]],"date-time":"2017-08-30T15:10:05Z","timestamp":1504105805000},"page":"1359-1368","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Health Care Utilization and Expenditures Attributable to Smokeless Tobacco Use Among US Adults"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Yingning","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Institute for Health and Aging, San Francisco, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5563-7477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hai-Yen","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Institute for Health and Aging, San Francisco, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Lightwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin W","family":"Chaffee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Institute for Health and Aging, San Francisco, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Max","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Institute for Health and Aging, San Francisco, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"48","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6548a1","article-title":"Consumption of combustible and smokeless tobacco - United States, 2000\u20132015","volume":"65","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0002","volume-title":"Federal Trade Commission Smokeless Tobacco Report for 2014","author":"Federal Trade Commission (FTC)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0003","volume-title":"Smokeless Tobacco and Public Health: A Global Perspective","author":"National Cancer Institute and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2014"},{"issue":"2","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.92.2.250","article-title":"Chewing tobacco: who uses and who quits? Findings from NHANES III, 1988\u20131994","volume":"92","author":"Howard-Pitney","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.2005.012807","article-title":"Smokeless tobacco use 1992\u20132002: trends and measurement in the Current Population Survey-Tobacco Use Supplements","volume":"15","author":"Mumford","year":"2006","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"issue":"34","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6434a2","article-title":"Combustible and smokeless tobacco use among high school athletes - United States, 2001\u20132013","volume":"64","author":"Agaku","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0007","volume-title":"The FDA\u2019s proposed tobacco product standard limiting NNN levels in finished smokeless tobacco products is well-justified, but the regulatory impact analysis understates benefits and overstates costs","author":"Max","year":"2017"},{"issue":"6","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss6506a1","article-title":"Youth risk behavior surveillance - United States, 2015","volume":"65","author":"Kann","year":"2016","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"issue":"38","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6438a1","article-title":"Frequency of tobacco use among middle and high school students--United States, 2014","volume":"64","author":"Neff","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2016.01.012","article-title":"Adolescents\u2019 perceptions of health risks, social risks, and benefits differ across tobacco products","volume":"58","author":"Roditis","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0011","first-page":"7","article-title":"Oral health risks of tobacco use and effects of cessation","volume":"60","author":"Warnakulasuriya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0012","first-page":"1","article-title":"Smokeless tobacco and some tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines","author":"IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk to Humans","year":"2007"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0013","first-page":"1","article-title":"Personal Habits and Indoor Combustions. Lyon (FR): International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2012","volume-title":"IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum","author":"IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk to Humans","year":"2012"},{"issue":"5","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntv147","article-title":"Polytobacco use of cigarettes, cigars, chewing tobacco, and snuff among US adults","volume":"18","author":"Sung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0015","author":"U.S. Census Bureau","year":"2003"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0016","author":"Office of Management and Budget, Statistical Policy Directive No. 14","year":"1978"},{"issue":"8","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.849","article-title":"The effect of a major cigarette price change on smoking behavior in california: a zero-inflated negative binomial model","volume":"13","author":"Sheu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Health Econ"},{"issue":"3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2014.10.012","article-title":"Annual healthcare spending attributable to cigarette smoking: an update","volume":"48","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-15-0376","article-title":"Nicotine and toxicant exposure among U.S. smokeless tobacco users: results from 1999 to 2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data","volume":"24","author":"Rostron","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"issue":"8","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-07-0227","article-title":"Similar exposure to a tobacco-specific carcinogen in smokeless tobacco users and cigarette smokers","volume":"16","author":"Hecht","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"issue":"8","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910508400804","article-title":"Smokeless tobacco and severe active periodontal disease, NHANES III","volume":"84","author":"Fisher","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0022","volume-title":"Dental-Related Emergency Department Visits on the Increase in the United States","author":"Wall","year":"2013"},{"issue":"17","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.17.1845","article-title":"Smokeless tobacco and cardiovascular risk","volume":"164","author":"Gupta","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1177\/1077558705285298","article-title":"Self-reported utilization of health care services: improving measurement and accuracy","volume":"63","author":"Bhandari","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med Care Res Rev"},{"issue":"8","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntu026","article-title":"Monitoring tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines and nicotine in novel smokeless tobacco products: findings from round II of the new product watch","volume":"16","author":"Stepanov","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0026"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0027","article-title":"The effect of tobacco control policies on US smokeless tobacco use: a structured review","author":"Levy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-016-0286-3","article-title":"Smokeless tobacco decision-making among rural adolescent males in California","volume":"42(3):","author":"Couch","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Community Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180925113219_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1080\/10810730.2015.1012237","article-title":"Risk perceptions of smokeless tobacco among adolescent and adult users and nonusers","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Health Commun"}],"container-title":["Nicotine & Tobacco Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article-pdf\/20\/11\/1359\/25837240\/ntx196.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,2]],"date-time":"2019-10-02T19:33:13Z","timestamp":1570044793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ntr\/article\/20\/11\/1359\/4103039"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,2]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ntr\/ntx196","relation":{},"ISSN":["1462-2203","1469-994X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1462-2203","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-994X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,2]]}}}