{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T22:26:08Z","timestamp":1765232768722,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]],"date-time":"2019-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005744","name":"Foundation for Pediatric Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005744","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Duodecim Research Foundation"},{"name":"Turku University Hospital Research Foundation"},{"name":"Orion Research Foundation sr"},{"name":"Emil Aaltonen\u2019s Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007417","name":"Paulo Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007417","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010129","name":"Maud Kuistila Memorial Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Previous research suggests that young maternal age, smoking, hospitalization during a previous pregnancy, and poor self-rated health could be risk factors for prenatal hospitalization.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The objective of this retrospective observational register study was to investigate if maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with mother\u2019s need for hospital treatment during pregnancy. The study population consists of all singleton pregnancies (n = 961 127) in 1999\u20132015 in Finland. Information on maternal smoking was received from the Medical Birth Register in three classes: nonsmoker, quit smoking in the first trimester, and continued smoking throughout the pregnancy. These data were linked with the Hospital Discharge Register data and analyzed according to ICD-10 chapters.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>10.7% of women continued to smoke after the first trimester. After adjusting for confounding factors women in both smoking groups had more hospital treatment compared with nonsmokers. Especially outpatient treatment was more common among mothers who continued to smoke compared to those who quit smoking in the first trimester in several ICD-10 chapters. Compared to non-smokers, aOR for mental and behavioral disorders (F00\u2013F99) was 2.14 (95% confidence interval 2.00\u20132.30) in the quit smoking group and 3.88 (3.71\u20134.06) in the continued smoking group. Similarly, aOR for respiratory diseases (J00\u2013J99) was 1.26 (1.15\u20131.39) and 1.61 (1.52\u20131.71), respectively and aOR for genitourinary diseases (N00\u2013N99) was 1.10 (1.03\u20131.17) and 1.29 (1.23\u20131.35), respectively. Some similar findings were made also in inpatient care. Some similar findings were made also in inpatient care.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Women who smoke during pregnancy seem to require more hospital care for various reasons. These findings emphasize the importance of actions for smoking cessation during pregnancy and women should be encouraged to quit as early as possible.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with greater rates of both outpatient and inpatient hospital care during pregnancy. Women who quit smoking had a similar risk for hospital care during pregnancy with nonsmokers in certain diagnosis chapters, which is very motivational and could be used as an informational tool in prenatal clinics to encourage smoking cessation as it is never too late to quit smoking during pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntz137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]],"date-time":"2019-08-16T16:56:12Z","timestamp":1565974572000},"page":"1162-1169","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Maternal Smoking and Hospital Treatment During Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Hanna P","family":"Wallin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine; General Practice, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland"},{"name":"Central Satakunta Health Federation of Municipalities, Harjavalta, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mika","family":"Gissler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Family Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P\u00e4ivi E","family":"Korhonen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine; General Practice, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland"},{"name":"Central Satakunta Health Federation of Municipalities, Harjavalta, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8369-4359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mikael O","family":"Ekblad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine; General Practice, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland"},{"name":"Central Satakunta Health Federation of Municipalities, Harjavalta, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]]},"reference":[{"author":"National Institute for Health and Welfare of Finland.","key":"2020061209132327500_CIT0001"},{"author":"National Institute for Health and Welfare of Finland.","key":"2020061209132327500_CIT0002"},{"issue":"4","key":"2020061209132327500_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckt128","article-title":"Trends and risk groups for smoking during pregnancy in Finland and other Nordic countries","volume":"24","author":"Ekblad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Public Health."},{"issue":"2","key":"2020061209132327500_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2007.00916.x","article-title":"Active and passive maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risks of low birthweight and preterm birth: the Generation R Study","volume":"22","author":"Jaddoe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2020061209132327500_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2013.05.005","article-title":"Parental smoking during pregnancy and its association with low birth weight, small for gestational age, and preterm birth offspring: a birth cohort study","volume":"55","author":"Ko","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Neonatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2020061209132327500_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3016.1997.d01-17.x","article-title":"Low birthweight, preterm births and intrauterine growth retardation in relation to maternal smoking","volume":"11","author":"Horta","year":"1997","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2020061209132327500_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2007.05393.x","article-title":"Effects of maternal smoking in pregnancy on prenatal brain development. 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