{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T02:25:38Z","timestamp":1784168738877,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,19]],"date-time":"2019-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Food and Drug Administration Center for Tobacco Products"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R36DA045183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R36DA045183"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54DA036114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54DA036114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01CA189300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01CA189300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32CA122061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32CA122061"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A nicotine-reduction policy could have major benefits for smokers with serious mental illness (SMI). However, potential unintended consequences, such as compensatory smoking, should be considered to ensure that such a policy does not negatively affect this population. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to examine the impact of smoking very low nicotine content (VLNC) cigarettes for 6 weeks on smoking topography characteristics, indicators of compensatory smoking, among smokers with SMI.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>After a baseline usual brand smoking phase, smokers with SMI (N = 58) were randomly assigned under double-blind conditions to receive either VLNC (0.4 mg nicotine per g tobacco) or normal nicotine content (NNC; 15.8 mg nicotine per g tobacco) research cigarettes for 6 weeks. During two study visits scheduled 6 weeks apart, participants smoked either their usual brand (baseline) or assigned study cigarettes (postrandomization) through a handheld smoking topography device. Univariate analysis of variance compared smoking topography indices with cigarette condition (VLNC vs. NNC) as the between-subjects factor with corresponding baseline topography results included as covariates.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>At week 6, participants in the VLNC condition smoked fewer puffs per cigarette and had shorter interpuff intervals compared to participants in the NNC condition (ps &amp;lt; .05). There were no differences between research cigarette conditions at week 6 for cigarette volume, puff volume, puff duration, peak flow rate, or carbon monoxide boost.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Findings are consistent with acute VLNC cigarette topography studies and indicate that a nicotine-reduction policy is unlikely to lead to compensation among smokers with SMI.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Given the high smoking rates among people with SMI, understanding how a nicotine-reduction policy may affect this population is critically important. When considering the smoking topography results as a whole, smokers with SMI did not engage in compensatory smoking behavior when using VLNC cigarettes during a 6-week trial. Study findings suggest that compensatory smoking is not likely to occur among smokers with SMI if nicotine content is lowered to minimally addictive levels.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntz198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,14]],"date-time":"2019-10-14T19:28:25Z","timestamp":1571081305000},"page":"1414-1418","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Smoking Topography Characteristics During a 6-Week Trial of Very Low Nicotine Content Cigarettes in Smokers With Serious Mental Illness"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Rachel L","family":"Denlinger-Apte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3288-9652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric C","family":"Donny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce R","family":"Lindgren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Rubin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Goodwin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"DeAtley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2027-5936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzanne M","family":"Colby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia A","family":"Cioe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI"},{"name":"Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorothy K","family":"Hatsukami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer W","family":"Tidey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI"},{"name":"Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020071609124659600_CIT0001","volume-title":"The Health Consequences of Smoking: 50 Years of Progress. 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