{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T11:02:28Z","timestamp":1788778948744,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663113600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Context<\/jats:title><jats:p>An increased risk of age-related eye disease has been observed in individuals lacking a balanced diet. Following a plant-based diet may result in nutritional insufficiencies and negatively affect health if an effort is not made to ensure the consumption of fortified foods or specific supplements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this article is to characterize the relationship between plant-based diets and age-related ocular outcomes among adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title><jats:p>A comprehensive literature review was performed using the MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and PubMed databases up until December 19, 2021.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Selection<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies that focused on observed visual changes due to a reduced intake of animal products and that included a minimum of 50 eyes were eligible for inclusion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Extraction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two levels of screening, quality assessment, and data extraction were conducted by 2 reviewers independently. The 21 studies identified from 814 unique studies progressed to data extraction and 15 were included in the quantitative analysis using STATA 15.0 fixed-effect and random-effect models computed on the basis of heterogeneity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The 15 (n = 51\u200a695 participants) assessed the impact of fish consumption, 8 studies (n = 28\u200a753 participants) analyzed the effect of red meat intake, and 3 studies (n = 7723 participants) assessed the impact of omission of skim milk, poultry, and non-meat animal products and the presence of disease incidence as indicated by age-related macular degeneration or cataract development. Meta-analysis indicated regular consumption of fish (odds ratio [OR], 0.70; 95%CI, 0.62\u20130.79) and skim milk, poultry, and non-meat animal products (OR, 0.70; 95%CI, 0.61\u20130.79) reduced the risk of age-related eye disease development among adults. Consumption of red meat (OR, 1.41; 95%CI, 1.07\u20131.86) may increase the risk of age-related eye disease development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A pescatarian diet is associated with the most favorable visual outcomes among adults, whereas consumption of red meat negatively affects ocular health. Results suggest a need for more initiatives promoting a healthy and balanced diet.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Systematic Review Registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021269925<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuac067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T15:28:12Z","timestamp":1663169292000},"page":"428-440","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Linkage between a plant-based diet and age-related eye diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Cristina","family":"Cirone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"the School of Nutrition, Toronto Metropolitan University is with , Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5439-228X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrina D","family":"Cirone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"the Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario is with , London, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7875-7386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monali S","family":"Malvankar-Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, and the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario is with the , London, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023031012554094400_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2015.0606","article-title":"The complex relationship between diet and health","volume":"34","author":"Bleich","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)."},{"key":"2023031012554094400_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2008.05.061","article-title":"Influence of nutritional 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