{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T15:06:55Z","timestamp":1787843215618,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016337","name":"Department for the Economy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016337","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vitamin\u2009D deficiency is a global public health issue, particularly in nursing home residents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review critically summarizes the prevalence of vitamin\u2009D deficiency in nursing home residents worldwide. In addition, it outlines the effect of vitamin\u2009D intervention, alone or in combination with other nutrients or therapies, on improving vitamin\u2009D status and associated health outcomes in nursing home residents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources, Extraction, and Analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Searches were conducted of electronic databases for articles published from 2010 to May 2021. After screening of the 366 papers initially identified, 58 articles were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A paucity of observational studies in nursing homes suggests a high prevalence of vitamin\u2009D deficiency ranging from 8% [25(OH)D &amp;lt;25\u2009nmol\/L], up to 94% [25(OH)D &amp;lt;50\u2009nmol\/L] in some cohorts where supplement use was low. Reported factors associated with deficiency and suboptimal vitamin\u2009D status include lack of sunlight exposure, poor dietary intake of vitamin\u2009D, limited vitamin\u2009D food fortification, frailty, poor renal function, and low use of vitamin\u2009D supplements. Residents who are severely deficient, deficient, or insufficient in vitamin\u2009D require remedial vitamin\u2009D supplementation prior to maintenance supplementation at doses &amp;gt;800\u00a0IU\/day. High-dose vitamin\u2009D supplementation may reduce respiratory illness; however, supportive data are limited. Oral nutritional supplements, in combination with exercise, may benefit physical function and performance, whereas supplementation with vitamin\u2009D\u2013 and calcium-fortified foods has been associated with improved quality of life and reduced bone resorption. Globally, vitamin\u2009D deficiency is highly prevalent in nursing home residents. There is an urgent need for standardized dietary and supplementation guidelines to prevent deficiency in this vulnerable group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuac091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T17:33:02Z","timestamp":1665595982000},"page":"804-822","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Vitamin D deficiency in nursing home residents: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Orlagh","family":"Feehan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University are with the , Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela J","family":"Magee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University are with the , Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L Kirsty","family":"Pourshahidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University are with the , Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Altnagelvin Hospital, Western Health and Social Care Trust are with the , Londonderry, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1583-8602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David J","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University are with the , Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Altnagelvin Hospital, Western Health and Social Care Trust are with the , Londonderry, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1861-3991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emeir M","family":"McSorley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University are with the , Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023060909444469100_nuac091-B1","author":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence","year":"2020"},{"key":"2023060909444469100_nuac091-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-2704","article-title":"The 2011 report on dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D from the Institute of Medicine: what clinicians need to know","volume":"1","author":"Ross","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2023060909444469100_nuac091-B3","first-page":"313","article-title":"The problems of vitamin d insufficiency in older people","volume":"3","author":"Boucher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aging Dis"},{"key":"2023060909444469100_nuac091-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.031070","article-title":"Comparison of vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 supplementation in raising serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"95","author":"Tripkovic","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"key":"2023060909444469100_nuac091-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00014.2015","article-title":"Vitamin D: metabolism, molecular mechanism of action, and pleiotropic effects","volume":"96","author":"Christakos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Physiol Rev."},{"key":"2023060909444469100_nuac091-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111373","article-title":"Impaired vitamin D metabolism with aging in women. 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