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Few previous reviews have examined the evidence from all countries globally.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review was conducted to assess the impact of unhealthy food and beverage consumption on the risk of dental caries in children aged \u226410\u2009years, commissioned by the World Health Organization to inform updated complementary feeding recommendations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic searches were conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases for articles meeting the inclusion criteria dating from January 1971 to March 2022; supplementary searches were undertaken for articles from that period to June 2022.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Extraction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Unhealthy foods and beverages were identified using nutrient- and food-based approaches. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 30\u2009023 unique citations were screened, yielding 37 studies for inclusion. Studies were conducted in high-income (n\u2009=\u200923 [62.2%]) or middle-income countries (n\u2009=\u200914 [37.8%]). Evidence synthesis was performed narratively, stratified by age (0\u2009years to &amp;lt;2\u2009years, 2\u2009years to &amp;lt;5\u2009years, and 5\u2009years to \u226410\u2009years) and exposure (unhealthy foods and unhealthy beverages). The heterogeneity of the exposures and comparators across studies was high. Almost all studies (n\u2009=\u200934) reported positive associations between the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages or foods high in free sugars and dental caries. However, 67.6% of studies were assessed as having serious risk of bias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The evidence indicates that the consumption of unhealthy food and beverages in children \u226410 years appears to increase the risk of dental caries. Further longitudinal studies with high-quality dietary assessments, including studies in low-income countries and children aged &amp;gt;5 years at baseline, are recommended in order to build a more robust evidence base for use in the development of policy recommendations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic Review Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42020218109.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuad147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]],"date-time":"2023-11-10T09:48:28Z","timestamp":1699609708000},"page":"1539-1555","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Impact of unhealthy food and beverage consumption on children\u2019s risk of dental caries: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5092-7088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica F","family":"Large","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behaviour, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University , Loughborough,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6782-0017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire","family":"Madigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behaviour, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University , Loughborough,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0334-3714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Pradeilles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University , Loughborough,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"UMR MoISA (Montpellier Interdisciplinary Centre on Sustainable Agri-food systems), University of Montpellier, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD , Montpellier,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5293-7354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oonagh","family":"Markey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University , Loughborough,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Boxer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University , Loughborough,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5654-9279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily K","family":"Rousham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University , 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