{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:53:13Z","timestamp":1788915193026,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Clinical Medicine Plus X\u2014Young Scholars"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007937","name":"Peking University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007937","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Gestational weight gain (GWG) is known to be a risk factor for offspring obesity, a precursor of cardiometabolic diseases. Accumulating studies have investigated the association of GWG with offspring cardiometabolic risk factors (CRFs), leading to inconsistent results.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study synthesized available data from cohort studies to examine the effects of GWG on offspring CRFs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Data Source<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Four electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase, were searched through May 2023.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Data Extraction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cohort studies evaluating the association between GWG and CRFs (fat mass [FM], body fat percentage [BF%], waist circumference [WC], systolic blood pressure [SBP] and diastolic blood pressure, high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride [TG], total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, and fasting insulin levels) were included. Regression coefficients, means or mean differences with 95% confidence intervals [CIs], or standard deviations were extracted.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Data Analysis<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Thirty-three cohort studies were included in the meta-analysis. Higher GWG (per increase of 1\u2009kg) was associated with greater offspring FM (0.041\u2009kg; 95% CI, 0.016 to 0.067), BF% (0.145%; 95% CI, 0.116 to 0.174), WC (0.154\u2009cm; 95% CI, 0.036 to 0.272), SBP (0.040\u2009mmHg; 95% CI, 0.010 to 0.070), and TG (0.004\u2009mmol\/L; 95% CI, 0.001 to 0.007), and with lower HDL-C (\u20130.002\u2009mmol\/L; 95% CI, \u20130.004 to 0.000). Consistently, excessive GWG was associated with higher offspring FM, BF%, WC, and insulin, and inadequate GWG was associated with lower BF%, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, and TG, compared with adequate GWG. Most associations went non-significant or attenuated with adjustment for offspring body mass index or FM.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Higher maternal GWG is associated with increased offspring adiposity, SBP, TG, and insulin and decreased HDL-C in offspring, warranting a need to control GWG and to screen for cardiometabolic abnormalities of offspring born to mothers with excessive GWG.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Systematic Review Registration<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023412098.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuae027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T14:30:27Z","timestamp":1712932227000},"page":"e106-e115","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The association of maternal gestational weight gain with cardiometabolic risk factors in offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"83","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5539-7682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaxing","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University Health Science Center , Beijing,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , Peking University Health Science Center, 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Beijing,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yubo","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University Health Science Center , Beijing,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianmeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University Health Science Center , Beijing,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , Peking University Health Science Center, 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