{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T03:58:39Z","timestamp":1782273519033,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]],"date-time":"2024-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Students' Scientific Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia (PE) are commonly observed medical complications in pregnancy. Dietary total fat and fatty acids associated with GDM and PE risk have been examined in several epidemiological studies. In some instances, systematic reviews and meta-analyses might provide more accurate dietary recommendations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the association between dietary total fat and fatty acids and the risk of GDM and PE.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Data sources<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Research on dietary fat intake and the risk of GDM and PE was conducted through systematic searches of the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for articles published up to August 19, 2023. An investigation of associations between dietary intake of total fat and fatty acids and the risk of GDM and PE was performed using prospective cohort study designs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Twenty-one prospective cohort studies were considered eligible. Findings indicated that higher intakes of total fat (relative risk [RR], 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02\u20131.14), animal fat (RR, 1.56; 95%CI, 1.34\u20131.89), vegetable fat (RR, 1.23; 95%CI, 1.05\u20131.45), dietary cholesterol (RR, 1.48; 95%CI, 1.10\u20132.00), and omega-3 fatty acid (RR, 1.11; 95%CI, 1.02\u20131.20) are associated with a greater risk of GDM. However, no significant association was found between dietary total fat and fatty acids and the risk of PE. Dose-response meta-analyses suggested every 10% increment in total energy intake from total fat, 5% from animal fat, 5% from vegetable fat, and 100\u2009mg from cholesterol was related to 15%, 12%, 7%, 14%, and 20% higher GDM risk, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Overall, total fat, animal fat, vegetable fat, dietary cholesterol, and omega-3 fatty acid consumption are associated with a small but statistically significant increase in GDM risk.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Protocol Registration<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PROSPERO (CRD42023466844).<\/jats:p>\n               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Tehran,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheida","family":"Zeraattalab-Motlagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health & Human Performance, University of Houston , Houston, Texas,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7861-8287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehran","family":"Rahimlou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3873-8006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erfan","family":"Sadeghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minoo Hasan","family":"Rashedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4215-6567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seyed Mojtaba","family":"Ghoreishy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran,","place":["Iran"]},{"name":"Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2046-7356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamed","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical 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