{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T09:45:00Z","timestamp":1774950300232,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010886","name":"Nestl\u00e9 Health Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010886","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mild neurocognitive disorder (NCD), formally known as mild cognitive impairment, is usually the clinical stage preceding the development of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), the most prevalent major NCD, and other causes of dementia. Glucose is a major source of energy for human brain metabolism and the uptake of glucose is reduced in patients with mild NCD, AD, and other NCDs. Unlike glucose, the uptake of ketones remains normal in people with mild NCD and AD, suggesting that the use of ketone bodies may compensate for glucose energy deficiency in patients with mild NCD and AD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the efficacy and safety of exogenic ketones, including medium chain triglycerides (MCTs), on cognitive function in patients with mild NCD and AD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Embase, MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process, PubMed Ahead-of-Print, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Europe PMC databases were searched from inception to April 2022. Studies reporting cognitive function efficacy and safety outcomes from randomized controlled trials of exogenic ketones in patients with mild NCD and AD were included.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Data Extraction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Data were extracted by 1 reviewer and checked by a second reviewer. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, version 2.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Data Analysis<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This review identified 13 individual trials investigating the efficacy and safety of MCT or coconut oil for patients with mild NCD or with AD. Because of the heterogeneity of the studies, a narrative synthesis was used.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Overall, improvements associated with exogenic ketones were observed in multiple aspects of cognitive abilities, although the large heterogeneity between the included studies makes it difficult to draw firm conclusions from the current literature. Although some studies investigated the impact of the apolipoprotein E \u03b54 allele status on treatment efficacy, the current data are insufficient to conclude whether such an effect is present.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Systematic Review Registration<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PROSPERO registration No. CRD42022336664.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuae098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T06:16:27Z","timestamp":1721888187000},"page":"e1034-e1048","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Efficacy and Safety of Exogenous Ketones in People with Mild Neurocognitive Disorder and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: A Systematic Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Pierre","family":"Krolak-Salmon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut du Vieillissement \u2013 Hospices Civils de Lyon , Lyon,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Emeis, Group Medical Department , Puteaux Cedex, 92813,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Russell H","family":"Swerdlow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kansas Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Center , Fairway, KS 66209,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thibault","family":"Mastain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nestl\u00e9 Health Science , Issy-les-Moulineaux ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Dive-Pouletty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nestl\u00e9 Health Science , Issy-les-Moulineaux ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6398-6075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nick","family":"Pooley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maverex Ltd , Newcatle Upon Tyne , NE6 2AR,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masoumeh","family":"Kisomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maverex Ltd , Newcatle Upon Tyne , NE6 2AR,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9518","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68542-5","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment","volume":"367","author":"Gauthier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12190","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment: a concept in evolution","volume":"275","author":"Petersen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317518791401","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment in clinical practice: a review article","volume":"33","author":"Jongsiriyanyong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.4065\/78.10.1290","article-title":"Essentials of the proper diagnoses of mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and major subtypes of dementia","volume":"78","author":"Knopman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.107.045385","article-title":"Multicenter standardized 18F-FDG PET diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer\u2019s disease, and other dementias","volume":"49","author":"Mosconi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.5114\/FN.2019.85929","article-title":"Risk factors for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"57","author":"Armstrong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Folia Neuropathol"},{"key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B7","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"2022"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuac104","article-title":"Medium-chain fatty acids for the prevention or treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"81","author":"Castro","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1186\/s13041-021-00803-9","article-title":"APOE genotype dependent molecular abnormalities in the cerebrovasculature of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and age-matched non-demented brains","volume":"14","author":"Ojo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Brain"},{"key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1109\/BIBE.2019.00043","author":"Martinez-Torteya","year":"2019"},{"issue":"5123","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921923","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8346443","article-title":"Gene dose of apolipoprotein E type 4 allele and the risk of Alzheimer's disease in late onset families","volume":"261","author":"Corder","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-014-0490-8","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment: diagnosis, longitudinal course, and emerging treatments","volume":"16","author":"Vega","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/13554790490903038","article-title":"The apolipoprotein E \u03b54 allele and incident Alzheimer\u2019s disease in persons with mild cognitive impairment","volume":"11","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurocase"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-020-00712-4","article-title":"APOE4 is associated with cognitive and pathological heterogeneity in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Emrani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1001\/JAMA.2019.20939","article-title":"In Alzheimer research, glucose metabolism moves to center stage","volume":"323","author":"Kuehn","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180202","article-title":"Ketogenic medium chain triglycerides increase brain energy metabolism in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"64","author":"Croteau","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B17","first-page":"15","article-title":"Glucose metabolism is a better marker for predicting clinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease than amyloid or tau","volume":"4","author":"Hammond","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cell Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2008.05.004","article-title":"Ketone bodies as a therapeutic for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"5","author":"Henderson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.160059","article-title":"Glycogen and amyloid-beta: key players in the shift from neuronal hyperactivity to hypoactivity observed in Alzheimer\u2019s disease?","volume":"10","author":"Bass","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190220","article-title":"18F-FDG is a superior indicator of cognitive performance compared to 18F-florbetapir in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and mild cognitive impairment evaluation: a global quantitative analysis","volume":"70","author":"Khosravi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.2050","article-title":"Effect of AZD0530 on cerebral metabolic decline in Alzheimer disease: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"76","author":"Van Dyck","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"15","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8142","DOI":"10.3390\/IJMS22158142","article-title":"Brain glucose transporters: role in pathogenesis and potential targets for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"22","author":"Szablewski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000257","DOI":"10.3945\/cdn.116.000257","article-title":"Tricaprylin alone increases plasma ketone response more than coconut oil or other medium-chain triglycerides: an acute crossover study in healthy adults","volume":"1","author":"Vandenberghe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Dev Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.12999","article-title":"Can ketones compensate for deteriorating brain glucose uptake during aging? Implications for the risk and treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"1367","author":"Cunnane","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.3389\/FNUT.2019.00046","article-title":"Plasma ketone and medium chain fatty acid response in humans consuming different medium chain triglycerides during a metabolic study day","volume":"6","author":"St-Pierre","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-022-01364-8","article-title":"Acute administration of ketone beta-hydroxybutyrate downregulates 7T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy-derived levels of anterior and posterior cingulate GABA and glutamate in healthy adults","volume":"48","author":"Hone-Blanchet","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.09.002","article-title":"Metabolic control of vesicular glutamate transport and release","volume":"68","author":"Juge","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1230467","DOI":"10.3389\/FNAGI.2023.1230467","article-title":"Potential benefits of medium chain fatty acids in aging and neurodegenerative disease","volume":"15","author":"Dunn","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1910","DOI":"10.3390\/NU11081910","article-title":"Dietary neuroketotherapeutics for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: an evidence update and the potential role for diet quality","volume":"11","author":"Taylor","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"22","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12310","DOI":"10.3390\/IJMS222212310","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus: the use of MCT oil and a ketogenic diet","volume":"22","author":"Takeishi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1297984","DOI":"10.3389\/FNINS.2023.1297984","article-title":"Ketone bodies mediate alterations in brain energy metabolism and biomarkers of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"17","author":"Ramezani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmaa073","article-title":"To keto or not to keto? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials assessing the effects of ketogenic therapy on Alzheimer disease","volume":"11","author":"Grammatikopoulou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2019.101001","article-title":"Medium chain triglycerides induce mild ketosis and may improve cognition in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. A systematic review and meta-analysis of human studies","volume":"58","author":"Avgerinos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W65","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00136","article-title":"The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration","volume":"151","author":"Liberati","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B35","volume-title":"Cochrane Methods. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","author":"Higgins","year":"2016"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JALZ.2018.12.017","article-title":"A ketogenic drink improves brain energy and some measures of cognition in mild cognitive impairment","volume":"15","author":"Fortier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1002\/ALZ.12206","article-title":"A ketogenic drink improves cognition in mild cognitive impairment: results of a 6-month RCT","volume":"17","author":"Fortier","year":"2021","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12217","DOI":"10.1002\/TRC2.12217","article-title":"A ketogenic supplement improves white matter energy supply and processing speed in mild cognitive impairment","volume":"7","author":"Roy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement (N Y))"},{"key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102236","DOI":"10.1016\/J.PLEFA.2020.102236","article-title":"The effect of a 6-month ketogenic medium-chain triglyceride supplement on plasma cardiometabolic and inflammatory markers in mild cognitive impairment","volume":"169","author":"Myette-C\u00f4t\u00e9","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-191302","article-title":"A placebo-controlled, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial of AC-1204 in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"75","author":"Henderson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12259","DOI":"10.1002\/TRC2.12259","article-title":"Use of medium chain triglyceride (MCT) oil in subjects with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, with an open-label extension","volume":"8","author":"Juby","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2092","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CLNU.2019.10.017","article-title":"Medium-chain triglycerides improved cognition and lipid metabolomics in mild to moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients with APOE4 -\/-: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial","volume":"39","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-7075-6-31","article-title":"Study of the ketogenic agent AC-1202 in mild to moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial","volume":"6","author":"Henderson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nutr Metab (Lond)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2350-12-137\/FIGURES\/3","article-title":"Pharmacogenetic analysis of the effects of polymorphisms in APOE, IDE and IL1B on a ketone body based therapeutic on cognition in mild to moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease; a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"12","author":"Henderson","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Med Genet"},{"key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NEULET.2018.10.048","article-title":"Effects of a medium-chain triglyceride-based ketogenic formula on cognitive function in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"690","author":"Ota","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/J.BBACLI.2015.01.001","article-title":"Pilot feasibility and safety study examining the effect of medium chain triglyceride supplementation in subjects with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"3","author":"Rebello","year":"2015","journal-title":"BBA Clin"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(03)00087-3","article-title":"Effects of beta-hydroxybutyrate on cognition in memory-impaired adults","volume":"25","author":"Reger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/J.EXGER.2018.07.009","article-title":"Changes in regional cerebral blood flow associated with a 45 day course of the ketogenic agent, caprylidene, in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease: results of a randomized, double-blinded, pilot study","volume":"111","author":"Torosyan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5455\/njppp.2017.0829311082017","article-title":"Effect of cold pressed coconut oil on cognition and behavior among patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease-a pilot intervention study","author":"Chan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180184","article-title":"Improvement of main cognitive functions in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease after treatment with coconut oil enriched Mediterranean diet: a pilot study","volume":"65","author":"de la Rubia Ort\u00ed","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.3177\/JNSV.63.133","article-title":"Medium-chain triglycerides in combination with leucine and vitamin D benefit cognition in frail elderly adults: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"63","author":"Abe","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo)"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2383","DOI":"10.1093\/JN\/NXAA186","article-title":"Medium-chain triglycerides (8:0 and 10:0) increase Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score in frail elderly adults in a randomized controlled trial","volume":"150","author":"Abe","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.3390\/NU13041362","article-title":"Precision nutrition for Alzheimer\u2019s prevention in ApoE4 carriers","volume":"13","author":"Norwitz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2025021220415890400_nuae098-B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111209","DOI":"10.1016\/J.MAD.2020.111209","article-title":"Potential of coconut oil and medium chain triglycerides in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"186","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mech Ageing Dev"}],"container-title":["Nutrition Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nutritionreviews\/article-pdf\/83\/3\/e1034\/58644074\/nuae098.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nutritionreviews\/article-pdf\/83\/3\/e1034\/58644074\/nuae098.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T20:42:05Z","timestamp":1739392925000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nutritionreviews\/article\/83\/3\/e1034\/7720512"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nutrit\/nuae098","relation":{},"ISSN":["0029-6643","1753-4887"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0029-6643","type":"print"},{"value":"1753-4887","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]]}}}