{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T20:02:42Z","timestamp":1791576162798,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,14]],"date-time":"2025-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749859200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":240,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia Investigator"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Context<\/jats:title>\n Dietary modifications can improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Personalized nutrition (PN) refers to individualized nutrition care based on genetic, phenotypic, medical, behavioral, and\/or lifestyle characteristics. PN may be beneficial in improving CVD risk factors, including diet. However, this has not been reviewed previously.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of PN interventions on CVD risk factors and diet in adults at elevated CVD risk.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n Six databases were searched for randomized controlled trials published between 2000 and 2023 that tested the impact of PN interventions on CVD risk factors in people at elevated risk.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Extraction<\/jats:title>\n Risk of bias was assessed using the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Criteria checklist. Data synthesis of eligible articles included participant characteristics, intervention details, and change in primary CVD risk factor outcomes, including blood pressure (BP), plasma lipids, and CVD risk score, and secondary risk factors, including anthropometric outcomes and diet quality. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to explore weighted mean differences (WMDs) in change or final mean values for studies with comparable data (studies with dietary counseling interventions) for outcomes including BP, blood lipids, and anthropometric measurements.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Analysis<\/jats:title>\n Of 7676 identified articles, 16 articles representing 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies included between 40 and 563 participants and reported outcomes for CVD risk factors, including hyperlipidemia (n\u2009=\u20095), elevated BP (n\u2009=\u20093), overweight\/obesity (n\u2009=\u20091), and multiple risk factors (n\u2009=\u20096). Risk of bias was low. Results suggested potential benefit of PN on systolic BP (WMD: \u22121.91; 95% CI: \u22123.51, \u22120.31 mmHg) and diastolic BP (WMD: \u22121.49; 95% CI: \u22122.39, \u22120.58 mmHg) and dietary intake in individuals at high CVD risk. Results were inconsistent for plasma lipid and anthropometric outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Results were promising for PN interventions that used dietary counseling on CVD risk factors in at-risk individuals. However, further evidence for other personalization methods is required, including improving methodological quality and longer study duration in future PN interventions.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Systematic Review Registration<\/jats:title>\n OpenScience Framework (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17605\/OSF.IO\/SHVWP).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuae149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T05:25:54Z","timestamp":1729229154000},"page":"e1709-e1721","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Do Personalized Nutrition Interventions Improve Dietary Intake and Risk Factors in Adults With Elevated Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Victoria","family":"Cross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle , Callaghan, NSW 2308,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3541-8960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordan","family":"Stanford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle , Callaghan, NSW 2308,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute , New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7300-7471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"G\u00f3mez-Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle , Callaghan, NSW 2308,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute , New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3298-756X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clare E","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle , Callaghan, NSW 2308,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute , New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seaton","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle , Callaghan, NSW 2308,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8250-5990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin D","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle , Callaghan, NSW 2308,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute , New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B1","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"2023"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010","article-title":"Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990\u20132019: update from the GBD 2019 study","volume":"76","author":"Roth","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B3"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B4","author":"Bloom","year":"2011"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(19)32008-2","article-title":"Modifiable risk factors, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 155\u2008722 individuals from 21 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study","volume":"395","author":"Yusuf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e472","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001031","article-title":"2021 Dietary guidance to improve cardiovascular health: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"144","author":"Lichtenstein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B7","author":"Collins","year":"2017"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e596","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000678","article-title":"2019 ACC\/AHA Guideline on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"140","author":"Arnett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2015.02.003","article-title":"National Lipid Association recommendations for patient-centered management of dyslipidemia: part 1\u2014full report","volume":"9","author":"Jacobson","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2024.04.012","article-title":"Medical nutrition therapy provided by a dietitian improves outcomes in adults with prehypertension or hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"119","author":"Senkus","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B11","author":"National Vascular Disease Prevention Alliance","year":"2012"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2022.06.008","article-title":"Effectiveness of medical nutrition therapy in the management of adult dyslipidemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Mohr","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1111\/1747-0080.12509","article-title":"Effectiveness of dietetic consultation for lowering blood lipid levels in the management of cardiovascular disease risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"76","author":"Ross","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutr Diet"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2022.03.014","article-title":"Weight management interventions provided by a dietitian for adults with overweight or obesity: an Evidence Analysis Center systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"123","author":"Morgan-Bathke","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Acad Nutr Diet"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2019.1685332","article-title":"Toward the definition of personalized nutrition: a proposal by the American Nutrition Association","volume":"39","author":"Bush","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Nutr"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-100596-5.22880-1","article-title":"Personalized nutrition and -omics","author":"Chaudhary","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comprehensive Foodomics"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bmj.k2173","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k2173","article-title":"Personalised nutrition and health","volume":"361","author":"Ordovas","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16101479","article-title":"Do precision and personalised nutrition interventions improve risk factors in adults with prediabetes or metabolic syndrome? A systematic review of randomised controlled trials","volume":"16","author":"Robertson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmaa144","article-title":"Does personalized nutrition advice improve dietary intake in healthy adults? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"12","author":"Jinnette","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.115.020109","article-title":"Incorporating a genetic risk score into coronary heart disease risk estimates: effect on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (the MI-GENES Clinical Trial)","volume":"133","author":"Kullo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e019410","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-019410","article-title":"Feasibility study to assess the impact of a lifestyle intervention (\u2018LivingWELL\u2019) in people having an assessment of their family history of colorectal or breast cancer","volume":"8","author":"Anderson","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.5195\/jmla.2017.88","article-title":"Open Science Framework (OSF)","volume":"105","author":"Foster","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Med Libr Assoc"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s41043-017-0114-0","article-title":"Framingham Risk Score for estimation of 10-years of cardiovascular diseases risk in patients with metabolic syndrome","volume":"36","author":"Jahangiry","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2020.01.008","article-title":"A full systematic review was completed in 2 weeks using automation tools: a case study","volume":"121","author":"Clark","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B26","author":"Veritas Health Innovation"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B27","author":"Handu","year":"2018"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B28","year":"2024"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B29","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions","author":"Higgins","year":"2023"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"976578","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/976578","article-title":"Changes in lipids and lipoproteins after selective LDL apheresis (7-year experience)","volume":"2012","author":"Kolovou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cholesterol"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1186","article-title":"Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Higgins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2008.08.005","article-title":"Dietary intervention with emphasis on folate intake reduces serum lipids but not plasma homocysteine levels in hyperlipidemic patients","volume":"28","author":"Lim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nutr Res"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2022.06.032","article-title":"A double-blinded, randomized, parallel intervention to evaluate biomarker-based nutrition plans for weight loss: the PREVENTOMICS study","volume":"41","author":"Aldubayan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-7435(02)00042-7","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of a public health nurse directed treatment program for rural patients with high blood cholesterol","volume":"36","author":"Ammerman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e027213","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.122.027213","article-title":"Effects of a dietitian-led, telehealth lifestyle intervention on blood pressure: results of a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Chang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-8223(01)00250-4","article-title":"Clinical and cost outcomes of medical nutrition therapy for hypercholesterolemia: a controlled trial","volume":"101","author":"Delahanty","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Diet Assoc"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.11.009","article-title":"e-Care for heart wellness: a feasibility trial to decrease blood pressure and cardiovascular risk","volume":"46","author":"Green","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(00)00566-0","article-title":"Dietary treatment of hypercholesterolemia: do dietitians do it better? A randomized, controlled trial","volume":"109","author":"Henkin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/81.3.583","article-title":"Influence of long-term intervention with dietary counseling, long-chain n-3 fatty acid supplements, or both on circulating markers of endothelial activation in men with long-standing hyperlipidemia","volume":"81","author":"Hjerkinn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.5603\/KP.a2017.0184","article-title":"The impact of individualised nutritional therapy according to DASH diet on blood pressure, body mass, and selected biochemical parameters in overweight\/obese patients with primary arterial hypertension: a prospective randomised study","volume":"76","author":"Kucharska","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kardiol Pol"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13124453","article-title":"Effect of nutrition education in NAFLD patients undergoing simultaneous hyperlipidemia pharmacotherapy: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2015.06.010","article-title":"A dietary intervention in urban African Americans: results of the \"Five Plus Nuts and Beans\" randomized trial","volume":"50","author":"Miller","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-12-0164","article-title":"Lifestyle changes through the use of delivered meals and dietary counseling in a single-blind study\u2014the STYLIST study","volume":"76","author":"Noda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003385","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003385","article-title":"Evaluation of an intervention to provide brief support and personalized feedback on food shopping to reduce saturated fat intake (PC-SHOP): a randomized controlled trial","volume":"17","author":"Piernas","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1097\/00149831-200412000-00012","article-title":"Nutritional counselling in primary health care: a randomized comparison of an intervention by general practitioner or dietician","volume":"11","author":"Willaing","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2598","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv329","article-title":"Dietary counselling has no effect on cardiovascular risk factors among Chinese grade 1 hypertensive patients: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"Wong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.08.334","article-title":"The effectiveness of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) counselling on estimated 10-year cardiovascular risk among patients with newly diagnosed grade 1 hypertension: a randomised clinical trial","volume":"224","author":"Wong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11081793","article-title":"Personalised nutrition: updates, gaps and next steps","volume":"11","author":"Biesiekierski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B49","volume-title":"Endotext","author":"Feingold","year":"2000"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare4040075","article-title":"Effectiveness of a brief dietetic intervention for hyperlipidaemic adults using individually-tailored dietary feedback","volume":"4","author":"Schumacher","year":"2016","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/J.EJCNURSE.2006.10.002","article-title":"Changes in diet, exercise and stress behaviours using the stages of change model in cardiac rehabilitation patients","volume":"6","author":"McKee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17422","DOI":"10.2196\/17422","article-title":"Evaluation of a web-based self-management program for patients with cardiovascular disease: explorative randomized controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"Engelen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1159\/000323076","article-title":"Behavioural interventions for obese adults with additional risk factors for morbidity: systematic review of effects on behaviour, weight and disease risk factors","volume":"3","author":"Dombrowski","year":"2010","journal-title":"Obes Facts"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1080\/17437199.2016.1151372","article-title":"Theoretical explanations for maintenance of behaviour change: a systematic review of behaviour theories","volume":"10","author":"Kwasnicka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health Psychol Rev"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.14650","article-title":"Out-of-office blood pressure monitoring: a comparison of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and home (self) monitoring of blood pressure","volume":"76","author":"Townsend","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2227","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwy126","article-title":"Combining a food frequency questionnaire with 24-hour recalls to increase the precision of estimation of usual dietary intakes\u2014evidence from the Validation Studies Pooling Project","volume":"187","author":"Freedman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025061412322484100_nuae149-B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2020.03.019","article-title":"The use of behavior change theories in dietetics practice in primary health care: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"120","author":"Rigby","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Acad Nutr Diet"}],"container-title":["Nutrition Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nutritionreviews\/article-pdf\/83\/7\/e1709\/59835253\/nuae149.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nutritionreviews\/article-pdf\/83\/7\/e1709\/59835253\/nuae149.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,14]],"date-time":"2025-06-14T16:32:31Z","timestamp":1749918751000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nutritionreviews\/article\/83\/7\/e1709\/7825797"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nutrit\/nuae149","relation":{},"ISSN":["0029-6643","1753-4887"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0029-6643","type":"print"},{"value":"1753-4887","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]]}}}