{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T15:48:13Z","timestamp":1791560893999,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,21]],"date-time":"2024-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000779","name":"University of London","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000779","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"GSK Consumer Healthcare"},{"name":"Syndermix"},{"name":"Vitamax Wholesale"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Context<\/jats:title>\n Individual variability in oral vitamin\u2009D supplement response hinders the understanding of its clinical impact, and while ethnicity has been implicated in this variability it has not been well described.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n The aim was to systematically assess the impact of ethnicity on response to oral vitamin\u2009D supplementation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Source<\/jats:title>\n The Web of Science and PubMed databases were searched for articles published from 1960 to the end of 2020. All trials in adults measuring 25(OH)D3 blood levels were included.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Extraction<\/jats:title>\n Two reviewers independently extracted the data from the eligible studies. The change in 25(OH)D3 blood levels (95% CI) and P values were extracted, and grouped according to ethnicity, then subjected to random-effects meta-analysis. The primary outcome measurement was mean serum 25(OH)D3 levels and the secondary outcome was dose-adjusted mean serum 25(OH)D3 levels, both compared with baseline.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Analysis<\/jats:title>\n A total of 18 studies were identified, and data from 1131 participants were extracted. Body mass index (BMI) and dose were significant covariates (Pearson correlation coefficient, P\u2009=\u2009.016 and .017) and were normalized in the meta-analysis to minimize heterogeneity, but latitude was not (P\u2009=\u2009.66). Meta-analysis showed an effect of ethnicity on dose and BMI-adjusted mean serum 25(OH)D3 levels compared with baseline (P\u2009&lt;\u2009.00001, I2 = 98%). Asian and White study participants demonstrated a statistically higher increase in dose and BMI-adjusted 25(OH)D3 blood levels (183\u2009nmol\/L [95% CI, 163\u2013203] and 173\u2009nmol\/L [95% CI, 152\u2013194], respectively), compared with Arab and Black study participants (37\u2009nmol\/L [95% CI, 35\u201339] and 99\u2009nmol\/L [95% CI, 90\u2013108]) using repeated t tests. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that these findings were not impacted by potential study bias or the inclusion of immigrant populations.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Ethnicity had an impact on oral vitamin\u2009D response. Further prospective studies should examine if ethnicity-based dose stratification in both clinical practice and clinical trials is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Systematic Review Registration<\/jats:title>\n PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023410076.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuae150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,21]],"date-time":"2024-10-21T19:01:45Z","timestamp":1729537305000},"page":"e1372-e1382","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Ethnic Differences in Response to Oral Vitamin D Supplementation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Sumayah","family":"Abdul-jabbar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King\u2019s College London , London SE1 9NH,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chukwuebuka","family":"Nebechi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Pharmaceutical Medicine Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King\u2019s College London , London SE1 9NH,","place":["United 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