{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T17:56:34Z","timestamp":1773251794343,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hong Kong Research Grants Council Collaborative Research Fund","award":["C7149-20G"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C7149-20G"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vitamin\u2009D is implicated in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) through its roles in skeletal muscle metabolism and vascular function. Despite numerous studies linking vitamin\u2009D to CRF, no comprehensive meta-analysis has quantified their overall correlation or the effect of vitamin\u2009D interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this review was to investigate any association between vitamin\u2009D concentration and CRF, and the effect of vitamin\u2009D supplementation on CRF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched from their inception to November 2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Extraction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 20 observational studies (14\u200a554 participants) and 9 interventional studies (733 participants) were included in the meta-analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The effect size, correlation coefficient r, and a 95% CI (CI) were employed to estimate the correlation between vitamin\u2009D concentration and CRF. A random-effects model was used to calculate the standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% CIs. A significantly positive yet weak association (r\u2009=\u20090.17; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.24; P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.0001) was found between vitamin\u2009D concentration and CRF, with high heterogeneity (I2\u2009=\u200988.0%, P heterogeneity\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.0001). The correlation coefficient in children (r\u2009=\u20090.05; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.09; P\u2009=\u2009.0273) was smaller than that in adults (r\u2009=\u20090.26; 95% CI: 0.17, 0.34; P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.0001) (Psubgroup\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.0001). No significant differences were observed between study subgroups stratified by gender, CRF measurement method, vitamin\u2009D assays, or physical activity level (all Psubgroup\u2009&amp;gt;\u2009.05). Interventional studies revealed that the effect of vitamin\u2009D supplementation on CRF is not significant (SMD: 0.03; 95% CI: \u22120.12, 0.17; P\u2009=\u2009.8959), with 0% heterogeneity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This meta-analysis confirms there is a small but significant positive relationship between vitamin\u2009D concentrations and CRF, especially in adults. However, the studies found no improvement in CRF through vitamin\u2009D supplementation in interventional trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic Review Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PROSPERO registration No. CRD42024574603.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuaf271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T12:54:18Z","timestamp":1763470458000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Association between Vitamin D and Cardiorespiratory Fitness"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Chen","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR, 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