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This scoping review aimed to investigate whether interventions with fat-soluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, E, and K) could alter gut microbiome composition and, in turn, improve health outcomes. A total of 17 human studies and 47 animal studies were identified across 4 databases. Most studies reported that fat-soluble vitamins effectively altered gut microbiome composition; however, evidence linking these changes to consistent improvements in health outcomes remains limited. Overall, this review maps the potential link between vitamin-driven microbiome modulation and health benefits, while highlighting current research gaps to guide future investigations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuag065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T12:49:23Z","timestamp":1774615763000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effects of Fat-Soluble Vitamins on Gut Microbiome Composition: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Joyce Jia Xin","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan , Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500,","place":["Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nevvin Raaj","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food as Medicine Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon 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