{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T05:13:02Z","timestamp":1771564382560,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]],"date-time":"2022-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies firefighting as possibly carcinogenic to humans, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as carcinogens with sufficient evidence for development of melanoma in humans. We present a case report of a firefighter with melanoma and history of 33 years of occupational exposure. Based on the available epidemiological and toxicological evidence of association between being a firefighter and developing melanoma, melanoma was recognized by the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Service as an occupational disease in our patient. In 2017, melanoma was acknowledged as an occupational disease in only 8 out of 28 surveyed European countries. Melanoma should be considered as a possible occupational disease among firefighters with a history of relevant exposure. Further recognition of the occupational exposures leading to increased risk of melanoma is still needed for preventive purposes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqab183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T20:14:26Z","timestamp":1639167266000},"page":"142-144","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Firefighting and melanoma, epidemiological and toxicological associations: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8023-1148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bendik C","family":"Brinchmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, N-0456 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Merete D","family":"Bugge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karl-Christian","family":"Nordby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3504-2473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose Hern\u00e1n","family":"Alfonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022022813502892700_CIT0001","first-page":":559","article-title":"Painting, firefighting, and shiftwork","volume":"98","author":"IARC","year":"2010","journal-title":"IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans"},{"key":"2022022813502892700_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.3109\/02841861003702528","article-title":"Trends in the survival of patients diagnosed with malignant melanoma of the skin in the Nordic countries 1964-2003 followed up to the end of 2006","volume":"49","author":"Tryggvad\u00f3ttir","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"2022022813502892700_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-017-1276-1","article-title":"Cancer incidence in Stockholm firefighters 1958-2012: an updated cohort study","volume":"91","author":"Kullberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"2022022813502892700_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2013-101803","article-title":"Cancer incidence among firefighters: 45 years of follow-up in five Nordic countries","volume":"71","author":"Pukkala","year":"2014","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"2022022813502892700_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-019-01472-x","article-title":"Cancer incidence among Swedish firefighters: an extended follow-up of the NOCCA study","volume":"93","author":"Bigert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"2022022813502892700_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2639","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32199","article-title":"Cancer incidence and mortality among firefighters","volume":"145","author":"Jalilian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2022022813502892700_CIT0007","first-page":":439","article-title":"Polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated biphenyls","volume-title":"IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans,","author":"IARC","year":"2016"},{"key":"2022022813502892700_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2017-104944","article-title":"Identifying occupational carcinogens: an update from the IARC monographs","volume":"75","author":"Loomis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"2022022813502892700_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.05.053","article-title":"Do polychlorinated biphenyls cause cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies on risk of cutaneous melanoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma","volume":"183","author":"Zani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2022022813502892700_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1021\/es020948o","article-title":"Formation of PCDDs, PCDFs, and coplanar PCBs from incineration of various woods in the presence of chlorides","volume":"37","author":"Yasuhara","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022022813502892700_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pecs.2003.08.001","article-title":"Emissions of organic air toxics from open burning: a comprehensive review","volume":"30","author":"Lemieux","year":"2004","journal-title":"Prog Energy Combust Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022022813502892700_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3899","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-6535(95)00264-9","article-title":"Formation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated organic compounds in municipal waste landfill fires","volume":"31","author":"Ruokoj\u00e4rvi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2022022813502892700_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2011.09.021","article-title":"PCDD, PCDF, and PCB exposure in current and former firefighters from Eastern Siberia","volume":"213","author":"Chernyak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"2022022813502892700_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.2165\/00139709-200322040-00004","article-title":"Human exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and health effects: a critical synopsis","volume":"22","author":"Kimbrough","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicol Rev"},{"key":"2022022813502892700_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.14316","article-title":"Occupational skin diseases: actual state analysis of patient management pathways in 28 European countries","volume":"31","author":"Mahler","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"}],"container-title":["Occupational Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/occmed\/article-pdf\/72\/2\/142\/42636738\/kqab183.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/occmed\/article-pdf\/72\/2\/142\/42636738\/kqab183.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]],"date-time":"2022-02-28T13:50:49Z","timestamp":1646056249000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/occmed\/article\/72\/2\/142\/6513779"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/occmed\/kqab183","relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-7480","1471-8405"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-7480","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-8405","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]]}}}