{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T16:27:47Z","timestamp":1776356867918,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000869","name":"Health and Safety Executive","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000869","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Face mask use in the workplace has become widespread since the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic and has been anecdotally linked to adverse health consequences.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To examine reports of adverse health consequences of occupational face mask use received by The Health and Occupation Research (THOR) network before and after the pandemic onset.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>THOR databases were searched to identify all cases of ill-health attributed to \u2018face mask\u2019 or similar suspected causative agent between 1 January 2010 and 30 June 2021.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Thirty two cases were identified in total, 18 reported by occupational physicians and 14 by dermatologists. Seventy-five per cent of cases were reported after the pandemic onset and 91% cases were in the health and social care sector. 25 of the 35 (71%) diagnoses were dermatological, the most frequent diagnoses being contact dermatitis (14 cases) and folliculitis\/acne (6 cases). Of the seven respiratory diagnoses, four were exacerbation of pre-existing asthma.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There is evidence of an abrupt increase in reports of predominantly dermatological ill-health attributed to occupational face mask use since the start of the pandemic. Respiratory presentations have also occurred.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqac031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T03:29:07Z","timestamp":1652153347000},"page":"339-342","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Skin and respiratory ill-health attributed to occupational face mask use"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"M J","family":"Seed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Manchester , Manchester , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Fowler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Manchester , Manchester , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Manchester , Manchester , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Carder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Manchester , Manchester , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Daniels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Manchester , Manchester , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I Y K","family":"Iskandar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Manchester , Manchester , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Feary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London , London , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D J","family":"Gawkrodger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University of Sheffield , Sheffield , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"van Tongeren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Manchester , Manchester , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022071108392988800_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13600","article-title":"Allergic contact dermatitis caused by elastic bands from FFP2 mask","volume":"83","author":"Navarro-Trivi\u00f1o","year":"2020","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"2022071108392988800_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13599","article-title":"Mask-induced contact dermatitis in handling COVID-19 outbreak","volume":"83","author":"Xie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"2022071108392988800_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n1304","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n1304","article-title":"Practice Pointer. Mask related acne (\u2018maskne\u2019) and other facial dermatoses","volume":"373","author":"Rudd","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"2022071108392988800_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5968","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17165968","article-title":"A scoping review of respiratory literature and a survey among dental professionals","volume":"17","author":"Farronato","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2022071108392988800_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.shaw.2016.12.003","article-title":"The Health and Occupation Research network: an evolving surveillance system","volume":"8","author":"Carder","year":"2017","journal-title":"Saf Health Work"},{"key":"2022071108392988800_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13838","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.13838","article-title":"Letter. Therapeutic approach to skin reactions caused by personal protective equipment (PPE) during COVID-19 pandemic: an experience from a tertiary hospital in Granada, Spain","volume":"33","author":"Navarro-Trivi\u00f1o","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"2022071108392988800_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2150132720966162150132720966167","DOI":"10.1177\/2150132720966167","article-title":"The effects of the face mask on the skin underneath: a prospective survey during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"11","author":"Techasatian","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Prim Care Community Health"},{"key":"2022071108392988800_CIT0008","first-page":"354","article-title":"Impact of wearing a surgical mask on respiratory function in view of a widespread use during COVID-19 outbreak. A case-series study","volume":"111","author":"Ciocan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Lav"},{"key":"2022071108392988800_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6655","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17186655","article-title":"Commentary: physiological and psychological impact of face mask usage during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"17","author":"Scheid","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2022071108392988800_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-020-01704-y","article-title":"Effects of surgical and FFP2\/N95 face masks on cardiopulmonary exercise capacity","volume":"109","author":"Fikenzer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Res Cardiol"}],"container-title":["Occupational Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/occmed\/article-pdf\/72\/5\/339\/44814261\/kqac031.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/occmed\/article-pdf\/72\/5\/339\/44814261\/kqac031.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]],"date-time":"2022-07-11T08:39:43Z","timestamp":1657528783000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/occmed\/article\/72\/5\/339\/6605826"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/occmed\/kqac031","relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-7480","1471-8405"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-7480","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-8405","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]]}}}