{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:22:33Z","timestamp":1791937353423,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ontario Ministry of Labour, Immigration, Training and Skills Development"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The neurological component of hand\u2013arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) uses the Stockholm Workshop Scale sensorineural (SWS SN) stages for classification. Proximal compressive neuropathies are common in HAVS and the symptoms are similar to SN HAVS. The SWS may not be a valid staging tool if a patient has comorbid proximal compression neuropathy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To evaluate the prevalence of proximal compression neuropathy in patients presenting for HAVS assessment and examine the association between compressive neuropathies and SWS SN.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A standardized assessment protocol was used to assess 431 patients for HAVS at St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario. The prevalence of median and ulnar compressive neuropathies was determined. The association between proximal compression neuropathies and SWS SN stage (0\/1 versus 2\/3) was evaluated using Chi-square and Fisher\u2019s exact tests as well as multivariable logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Most patients (79%) reported numbness and 20% had reduced sensory perception (SWS SN Stage 2\/3). Almost half (45%) had median neuropathy at the wrist and 7% had ulnar neuropathy. There was no association between the SWS SN stage and median or ulnar neuropathy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Two neurological lesions should be investigated in patients presenting for HAVS assessment: compressive neuropathy and digital neuropathy. The prevalence of compressive neuropathies is high in patients being assessed for HAVS and therefore nerve conduction studies (NCS) should be included in HAVS assessment protocols. Comorbid proximal neuropathy does not affect the SWS SN stage; therefore, NCS and SWS SN seem to be measuring different neurological outcomes in HAVS patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqac137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T21:13:53Z","timestamp":1671052433000},"page":"36-41","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluation of neurological testing for hand\u2013arm vibration syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Medical University of Bahrain , Manama 15503 , Bahrain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"House","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 , Canada"},{"name":"Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital , Toronto, ON M5B 1W8 , Canada"},{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON M5T 3M7 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D L","family":"Holness","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 , Canada"},{"name":"Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital , Toronto, ON M5B 1W8 , Canada"},{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON M5T 3M7 , Canada"},{"name":"Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital , Toronto, ON M5B 1T8 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Nisenbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital , Toronto, ON M5B 1T8 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4414-6330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A M S","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 , Canada"},{"name":"Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital , Toronto, ON M5B 1W8 , Canada"},{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON M5T 3M7 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023021417200406500_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-007-0246-4","article-title":"Diagnosis of vascular injuries caused by hand-transmitted vibration","volume":"81","author":"Harada","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ 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