{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:59:44Z","timestamp":1787792384500,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,6]],"date-time":"2025-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746489600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":35,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014089","name":"Workplace Safety and Insurance Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ontario Ministry of Labour, Immigration, Training and Skills Development and the Ontario Health Agency"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The disproportionate impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on healthcare workers has been highlighted; however, there is a lack of evidence regarding other high-risk occupations and industries.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study estimated the risk of severe COVID-19 among a large cohort of workers in Ontario, Canada.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study used a cohort of 1.2 million workers identified using workers\u2019 compensation claims records (1983-2019). Identified workers were linked with emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations (2020-2021). Cases coded as U0.71 (virus detected, confirmed case) were identified from ED visits and hospitalizations. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI95%) for COVID-19 for each occupational group compared to all other workers in the cohort were calculated, adjusting for age and birth year. Standardized incidence ratios and 95% CI, comparing workers to the general population of Ontario were also calculated, adjusting for age, sex, year and region.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 10 322 severe COVID-19 cases among workers were identified through ED visits and hospitalizations. Workers in material handling (HR=1.32, CI95%=1.21\u20131.43), medicine and health (HR=1.27, CI95%=1.18\u20131.37), processing (food, water, textile) (HR=1.23, CI95%=1.12\u20131.36) and machining occupations (HR=1.11, CI95%=1.02\u20131.20) had some of the highest risks of COVID-19 when compared to all other workers in the cohort. Findings were somewhat consistent when comparing workers to the general population of Ontario.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Certain groups of workers in this cohort demonstrated elevated risks of severe COVID-19. The findings align with previous studies and emphasize the need to include occupational surveillance methods in future pandemic preparedness in Canada.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqaf017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,6]],"date-time":"2025-05-06T01:52:55Z","timestamp":1746496375000},"page":"179-187","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Incidence of severe COVID-19 among 1.2 million workers in Ontario, Canada"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Sritharan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Ontario Health , Toronto, Ontario M5G 2L3 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5T 3M7 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Cancer Research 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,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9587-4207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V H","family":"Arrandale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5T 3M7 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P A","family":"Demers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Ontario Health , Toronto, Ontario M5G 2L3 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5T 3M7 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025071508370302800_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000002201","article-title":"COVID-19 workplace outbreaks 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