{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T22:38:58Z","timestamp":1788561538312,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":42,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Italian Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PNRR-MAD-2022-12376823"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNRR-MAD-2022-12376823"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012352","name":"University of Milan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012352","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Healthcare workers (HCWs) are often exposed to night shift work, which may increase cancer risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on night shift work and breast cancer risk in HCWs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We systematically searched PubMed\/Embase, evaluated the risk of bias (RoB) of the included studies, and estimated pooled relative risks (RR) using random-effects models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twelve studies were included (12\u00a0132 breast cancer cases); 60% of these were rated as \u2018definitely\u2019 or \u2018probably\u2019 high RoB in the exposure characterization domain. Compared to never exposure, pooled RRs were 1.05 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.96\u20131.14, 12 studies, I2\u2005=\u200539%) for ever, and 1.11 (95% CI 0.96\u20131.28, 9 studies, I2\u2005=\u200562%) for \u226510 years, 1.25 (95% CI 1.01\u20131.55, 7 studies, I2\u2005=\u200559%) for \u226520 years, and 1.68 (95% CI 0.77\u20133.65, 3 studies, I2\u2005=\u200579%) for \u226530 years of night shift work. Pooled RRs were higher in case\u2013control\/nested studies and studies assessing lifetime occupational history. The RR for \u226520 years of exposure lost statistical significance in influence analysis and approached unity after correction for possible publication bias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long-term night shift work may increase breast cancer risk in HCWs, but the association is far from established. If this association were real, night shift work would be responsible for a substantial number of breast cancers in HCWs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqaf040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T07:37:37Z","timestamp":1745825857000},"page":"596-607","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Night shift work and breast cancer risk in healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"G","family":"Esposito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2023-2027, University of Milan , 20133 Milan ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Bravi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2023-2027, University of Milan , 20133 Milan ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Santucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2023-2027, University of Milan , 20133 Milan ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Foundation IRCCS, Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , 20122 Milan ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Zunarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Occupational Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna , 40138 Bologna ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna , 40138 Bologna ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F S","family":"Violante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Occupational Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna , 40138 Bologna ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna , 40138 Bologna ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"La Vecchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2023-2027, University of Milan , 20133 Milan ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9712-8526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E","family":"Negri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna , 40138 Bologna ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Turati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2023-2027, University of Milan , 20133 Milan ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0001","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0002","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0003","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15072045","article-title":"Cancer incidence in Korean healthcare workers in hospitals","volume":"15","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1177\/140349489602400205","article-title":"Cancer incidence in Danish health care workers","volume":"24","author":"Rix","year":"1996","journal-title":"Scand J Soc Med"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.29024\/aogh.2324","article-title":"Cancer incidence among healthcare workers in cancer centers: a 14-year retrospective cohort study in Thailand","volume":"84","author":"Ekpanyaskul","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Glob Health"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.1066","article-title":"Cancer risk among 43000 Norwegian nurses","volume":"33","author":"Lie","year":"2007","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i5210","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i5210","article-title":"Health consequences of shift work and insufficient sleep","volume":"355","author":"Kecklund","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487318783892","article-title":"Shift work and risk of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality: a dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2014-102150","article-title":"Shift work and diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"72","author":"Gan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13489","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13489","article-title":"Shift work and the risk for metabolic syndrome among healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Sooriyaarachchi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.4454","article-title":"Association between rotating night shift work and risk of coronary heart disease among women","volume":"315","author":"Vetter","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1956","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyy079","article-title":"Is shift work associated with a higher risk of overweight or obesity? A systematic review of observational studies with meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(19)30455-3","article-title":"Carcinogenicity of night shift work","volume":"20","author":"IARC Monographs Vol 124 group","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwx140","article-title":"Rotating night-shift work and the risk of breast cancer in the nurses\u2019 health studies","volume":"186","author":"Wegrzyn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.3323","article-title":"Breast cancer among shift workers: results of the WOLF longitudinal cohort study","volume":"39","author":"Knutsson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S27","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2012.115","article-title":"Occupational cancer in Britain. Female cancers: breast, cervix and ovary","volume":"107","author":"Slack","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"djw169","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djw169","article-title":"Night shift work and breast cancer incidence: three prospective studies and meta-analysis of published studies","volume":"108","author":"Travis","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-014-9938-8","article-title":"Night work and breast cancer risk in a general population prospective cohort study in the Netherlands","volume":"29","author":"Koppes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.01006","article-title":"Association between night-shift work and cancer risk: updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Dun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-021-02523-9","article-title":"Night-shift work, breast cancer incidence, and all-cause mortality: an updated meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies","volume":"26","author":"Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgab074","article-title":"Night shift work and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis of observational epidemiological studies","volume":"42","author":"Van","year":"2021","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-021-01233-4","article-title":"Night-shift work duration and breast cancer risk: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Manouchehri","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1515\/med-2022-0470","article-title":"The relationship between night shift work and breast cancer incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"17","author":"Hong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Med (Wars)"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0231037","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0231037","article-title":"Shift work and long work hours and their association with chronic health conditions: a systematic review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses","volume":"15","author":"Rivera","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0026","first-page":"1421","article-title":"A case-control study of breast cancer risk in nurses from Northeastern Ontario, Canada","volume":"26","author":"Santi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0027","first-page":"39","article-title":"Breast cancer and night work among Norwegian nurses","volume":"17","author":"Lie","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina56120680","article-title":"Relationship between night shifts and risk of breast cancer among nurses: a systematic review","volume":"56","author":"Fagundo-Rivera","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqz063","article-title":"Systematic review of shift work and nurses\u2019 health","volume":"69","author":"Rosa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Occup Med (Lond)"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2022-108673","article-title":"Night work and breast cancer risk in a cohort of female healthcare employees in Stockholm, Sweden","volume":"80","author":"Gustavsson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2022-108347","article-title":"Shift work with and without night shifts and breast cancer risk in a cohort study from Finland","volume":"80","author":"H\u00e4rm\u00e4","year":"2023","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003583","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003583","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"18","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.15.2008","article-title":"Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting. Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) group","volume":"283","author":"Stroup","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0034","author":"International Agency for Research on Cancer","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-019-0485-7","article-title":"Night shift work and risk of breast cancer in women: the Generations Study cohort","volume":"121","author":"Jones","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0036","article-title":"Risk of bias rating tool for human and animal studies. 2015. https:\/\/ntp.niehs. nih.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/ntp\/ohat\/pubs\/riskofbiastool_508.pdf (1 December \ufeff2023, last date accessed).","author":"Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT)"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3013","article-title":"Facilitating meta-analyses by deriving relative effect and precision estimates for alternative comparisons from a set of estimates presented by exposure level or disease category","volume":"27","author":"Hamling","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0038","first-page":"159","article-title":"Breast cancer in healthcare shift-and night-workers\u2013preliminary results of a case control study and risk management","volume":"21","author":"Traversini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Qual Access Success"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2011.07.005","article-title":"Case-control study of shift-work and breast cancer risk in Danish nurses: impact of shift systems","volume":"48","author":"Hansen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116237","article-title":"Methods for trend estimation from summarized dose-response data, with applications to meta-analysis","volume":"135","author":"Greenland","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0041","article-title":"Publication and outcome reporting bias.","volume-title":"Handbook of meta-analysis","author":"Marks-Anglin","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0006-341X.2000.00455.x","article-title":"Trim and fill: a simple funnel-plot-based method of testing and adjusting for publication bias in meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"Duval","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwr014","article-title":"Night work and breast cancer risk among Norwegian nurses: assessment by different exposure metrics","volume":"173","author":"Lie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2013-101482","article-title":"Increased risk of breast cancer associated with long-term shift work in Canada","volume":"70","author":"Grundy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2016-103902","article-title":"Validity of self-reported exposure to shift work","volume":"74","author":"Harma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2009.053512","article-title":"Considerations of circadian impact for defining \u2018shift work\u2019 in cancer studies: IARC Working Group Report","volume":"68","author":"Stevens","year":"2011","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwad227","article-title":"Cohort vs case-control studies on night shift work and cancer risk: the importance of exposure assessment","volume":"193","author":"Papantoniou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2014-102292","article-title":"Night shift work at specific age ranges and chronic disease risk factors","volume":"72","author":"Ramin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200838080-00005","article-title":"Exercise, energy balance and the shift worker","volume":"38","author":"Atkinson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.3313","article-title":"Characteristics of the Million Women Study participants who have and have not worked at night","volume":"38","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advnut.2023.01.006","article-title":"Dietary patterns under the influence of rotational shift work schedules: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Clark","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S199521","article-title":"Night-shift work and risk of breast cancer in Korean women","volume":"11","author":"Pham","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)09454-0","article-title":"Breast cancer and breastfeeding: collaborative reanalysis of individual data from 47 epidemiological studies in 30 countries, including 50302 women with breast cancer and 96973 women without the disease","volume":"360","author":"Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast C","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr1606602","article-title":"Body fatness and cancer\u2014viewpoint of the IARC working group","volume":"375","author":"Lauby-Secretan","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3425","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-31502-8","article-title":"Association between nocturnal light exposure and melatonin in humans: a meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2022.03.005","article-title":"Molecular and cellular mechanisms of melatonin in breast cancer","volume":"202","author":"Sadoughi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-016-0193-z","article-title":"Shedding light on the role of circadian disruption in breast cancer etiology","volume":"31","author":"Lagiou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.09.018","article-title":"Association between night-shift work and level of melatonin: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"75","author":"Wei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11174","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-1945","article-title":"Melatonin-depleted blood from premenopausal women exposed to light at night stimulates growth of human breast cancer xenografts in nude rats","volume":"65","author":"Blask","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1988","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1135","article-title":"Mechanisms of breast cancer risk in shift workers: association of telomere shortening with the duration and intensity of night work","volume":"6","author":"Samulin Erdem","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23462","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0023462","article-title":"Associations between rotating night shifts, sleep duration, and telomere length in women","volume":"6","author":"Liang","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-014-1005-y","article-title":"Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations may explain the link between breast cancer risk and shift work","volume":"88","author":"Grant","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-022-00921-1","article-title":"Circulating vitamin D and breast cancer risk: an international pooling project of 17 cohorts","volume":"38","author":"Visvanathan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e3182943bc2","article-title":"Plasma vitamin D levels, menopause, and risk of breast cancer: dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies","volume":"92","author":"Bauer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltim)"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1080\/07420528.2021.1989446","article-title":"A systematic review of the relationship between night shift work and oxidative stress","volume":"39","author":"Gibson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chronobiol Int"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-021-01485-w","article-title":"Excess risk of male breast cancer in the Norwegian Offshore Petroleum Workers (NOPW) cohort: a possible link to extreme night shift work?","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17041345","article-title":"Shift work and prostate cancer: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Rivera-Izquierdo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-019-0332-4","article-title":"Working hour characteristics and schedules among nurses in three Nordic countries\u2014a comparative study using payroll data","volume":"18","author":"Garde","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Nurs"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.22999","article-title":"The impact of night shift work on breast cancer: results from the Burden of occupational cancer in Canada study","volume":"62","author":"Pahwa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"key":"2026021608365883700_CIT0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2014.11.009","article-title":"The proportion of cancer attributable to occupational exposures","volume":"25","author":"Purdue","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["Occupational Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/occmed\/article-pdf\/75\/9\/596\/66376513\/kqaf040.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/occmed\/article-pdf\/75\/9\/596\/66376513\/kqaf040.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T13:37:10Z","timestamp":1771249030000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/occmed\/article\/75\/9\/596\/8422813"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/occmed\/kqaf040","relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-7480","1471-8405"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-7480","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-8405","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]}}}