{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T23:11:20Z","timestamp":1768259480209,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bloodborne viruses, including Hepatitis B (HBV), are a known occupational hazard for healthcare workers (HCWs), particularly those involved in exposure-prone procedures. Whilst standard vaccines can provide immunity, 5\u201310% of people remain non-responders (anti-HBs titre &amp;lt;10IU\/L) despite repeated vaccinations. Fendrix\u00ae (HBV recombinant DNA vaccine) has been shown to be highly effective in renal patients and those with human immunodeficiency virus, implying it may also have benefits for healthy non-responders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our analysis set out to identify and compare response rates to re-vaccination (with Fendrix\u00ae or HBvaxPro40\u00ae) in HCWs with non-response to standard vaccination procedures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between 1 March 2010 and 30 April 2024, either Fendrix\u00ae or HBvaxPro40\u00ae was offered to HCWs with inadequate response to two courses of Engerix B\u00ae standard vaccination. Antibody tests were performed 6\u2009weeks post-final vaccine dose. Serological results from this period were retrospectively statistically analysed to compare differential vaccine responses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighty-five HCWs were identified as non-responders and offered further vaccination (42 received Fendrix\u00ae and 43 received HBvaxPro40\u00ae). Fendrix\u00ae resulted in a seroconversion rate of 95% (40\/42) compared to 72% (31\/43) with HBvaxPro40\u00ae; a significantly higher number responded more strongly to Fendrix\u00ae (74% versus 23%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results demonstrate the rationale for offering additional vaccination with Fendrix\u00ae to HCWs when standard vaccination and repeated administration has not elicited an adequate immune response. Multi-centre evaluation of this vaccination strategy for non-responder HCWs should be considered to generate evidence for the most acceptable and efficacious approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqaf091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]],"date-time":"2025-08-09T11:39:54Z","timestamp":1754739594000},"page":"620-622","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Management of non-response to Hepatitis B re-vaccination"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Helen L","family":"Kroening","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sheffield Occupational Health Service, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Northern General Hospital , Herries Road, Sheffield, S5 7AU ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prosenjit","family":"Giri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sheffield Occupational Health Service, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Northern General Hospital , Herries Road, Sheffield, S5 7AU ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4973-8474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anil","family":"Adisesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Dalhousie University , Saint John E2L 4L5,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, UConn Health , Farmington, CT 06030,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026011213295859600_kqaf091-B1","author":"Health and Safety Executive","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026011213295859600_kqaf091-B2","author":"UK Health Security Agency","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026011213295859600_kqaf091-B3","author":"Green 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non-responders to standard Hepatitis B vaccines","volume":"61","author":"Kemp","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2026011213295859600_kqaf091-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2013.12.009","article-title":"Successful use of Fendrix in HIV-infected non-responders to standard hepatitis B vaccines","volume":"68","author":"de Silva","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2026011213295859600_kqaf091-B10"},{"key":"2026011213295859600_kqaf091-B11","volume-title":"Fendrix\u2014European Medicines Agency","author":"Anonymous","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026011213295859600_kqaf091-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3644","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(02)00397-3","article-title":"The immunogenicity and reactogenicity profile of a candidate hepatitis B vaccine in an adult vaccine non-responder population","volume":"20","author":"Jacques","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2026011213295859600_kqaf091-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9030279","article-title":"Fendrix\u00ae vaccine effectiveness in healthcare workers who are non-responsive to Engerix B\u00ae vaccination","volume":"9","author":"Tejada-P\u00e9rez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"2026011213295859600_kqaf091-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30417-7","article-title":"Serological response to three alternative series of hepatitis B revaccination (Fendrix, Twinrix, and HBVaxPro-40) in healthy non-responders: a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, superiority trial","volume":"20","author":"Raven","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026011213295859600_kqaf091-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2019.1680082","article-title":"High chance to overcome the non-responder status to hepatitis B vaccine after a further full vaccination course: results from the extended study on healthcare students and workers in Florence, Italy","volume":"16","author":"Grazzini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Human Vaccine Immunotherapeut"}],"container-title":["Occupational 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