{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T21:04:50Z","timestamp":1793135090801,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]],"date-time":"2021-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ventriculitis, a dreaded complication of brain abscess, meningitis, and various neurosurgical procedures, has attracted limited attention in the medical literature.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a retrospective, single-center study. We screened the medical files of all patients who had a brain imaging report that included the word \u201cventriculitis\u201d during years 2005\u20132019. Only patients with clinical, microbiological, and imaging features of ventriculitis were included. Data were collected through a standardized questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ninety-eight patients fulfilled inclusion criteria: 42 women and 56 men, and the median age was 60 years (interquartile range, 48\u201368). The primary mechanism for ventriculitis was classified as follows: brain abscess (n\u2005=\u200529, 29.6%), meningitis (n\u2005=\u200527, 27.6%), intraventricular catheter-related (n\u2005=\u200517, 17.3%), post-neurosurgery (n\u2005=\u200513, 13.3%), and hematogenous (n\u2005=\u200512, 12.2%). The main neuroimaging features were intraventricular pus (n\u2005=\u200581, 82.7%), ependymal enhancement (n\u2005=\u200570, 71.4%), and intraventricular loculations (n\u2005=\u200515, 15.3%). The main pathogens were streptococci (n\u2005=\u200544, 44.9%), Gram-negative bacilli (n\u2005=\u200527, 27.6%), and staphylococci (n\u2005=\u200515, 15.3%). In-hospital and 1-year mortality rates were 30.6% (n\u2005=\u200530) and 38.8% (n\u2005=\u200538), respectively. Neurological sequelae were reported in 34 of 55 (61.8%) survivors, including cognitive impairment (n\u2005=\u200511), gait disturbances (n\u2005=\u20059), paresis (n\u2005=\u20057), behavior disorder (n\u2005=\u20056), and epilepsy (n\u2005=\u20055). On multivariate analysis, age\u2005&amp;gt;65 years, Glasgow Coma Scale score\u2005&amp;lt;13 at initial presentation, status epilepticus, hydrocephalus, and positive cerebrospinal fluid culture were associated with 1-year mortality. We built a scoring system to stratify patients with ventriculitis into low risk (12.5%), intermediate risk (36.5%), and high risk (71.4%) of death.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ventriculitis is a severe complication of brain abscess, meningitis, or neurosurgery, with an in-hospital mortality rate of 30% and neurological sequelae in 60% of survivors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofab216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]],"date-time":"2021-04-29T02:16:37Z","timestamp":1619662597000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Ventriculitis: A Severe Complication of Central Nervous System Infections"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Luque-Paz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Intensive Care Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France"},{"name":"Rennes University, Inserm, Bacterial Regulatory RNAs and Medicine, UMR_S 1230, Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthieu","family":"Revest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Intensive Care Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France"},{"name":"Rennes University, Inserm, Bacterial Regulatory RNAs and Medicine, UMR_S 1230, Rennes, France"},{"name":"CIC-Inserm 1414, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Eug\u00e8ne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarrah","family":"Boukthir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacteriology Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loren","family":"Dejoies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacteriology Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3617-5411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre","family":"Tattevin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Intensive Care Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France"},{"name":"Rennes University, Inserm, Bacterial Regulatory RNAs and Medicine, UMR_S 1230, Rennes, France"},{"name":"CIC-Inserm 1414, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Jean","family":"Le Reste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, 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