{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T12:37:36Z","timestamp":1789648656035,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,22]],"date-time":"2021-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["205954\/Z\/17\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["205954\/Z\/17\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Research Foundation\u2013Flanders","award":["BOFSTG2019010101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BOFSTG2019010101"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPP1120972"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1120972"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/K012126\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/K012126\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/N023692\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/N023692\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"UK Department for International Development"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1-AI068619"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1-AI068619"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1-AI068617"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1-AI068617"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1-AI068613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1-AI068613"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"South-Eastern Regional Health Authority, Norway","award":["#2016055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2016055"]}]},{"name":"Fund for Scientific Research\u2013Flanders","award":["1285316N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1285316N"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The cervicovaginal microbiota, including sexually transmitted infections (STIs), have not been well described in female genital schistosomiasis (FGS).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Women (aged 18\u201331, sexually active, nonpregnant) were invited to participate at the final follow-up of the HPTN 071 (PopART) Population Cohort in January\u2013August 2018. We measured key species of the cervicovaginal microbiota (Lactobacillus crispatus, L. iners, Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, and Candida) and STIs (Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Mycoplasma genitalium) using quantitative PCR (qPCR). We evaluated associations of the microbiota and STI presence and concentration with FGS (qPCR-detected Schistosoma DNA in any of 3 genital specimens).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The presence and concentration of key cervicovaginal species did not differ between participants with (n = 30) or without FGS (n = 158). A higher proportion of participants with FGS had T. vaginalis compared with FGS-negative women (P = .08), with further analysis showing that T. vaginalis was more prevalent among women with \u22652 Schistosoma qPCR-positive genital specimens (50.0%, 8\/16) than among FGS-negative women (21.5%, 34\/158; P = .01).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We found weak evidence of an association between the presence of T. vaginalis and FGS, with a stronger association in women with a higher-burden FGS infection. Additional research is needed on potential between-parasite interactions, especially regarding HIV-1 vulnerability.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofab438","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,22]],"date-time":"2021-08-22T14:00:06Z","timestamp":1629640806000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Association of Female Genital Schistosomiasis With the Cervicovaginal Microbiota and Sexually Transmitted Infections in Zambian Women"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3437-3334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amy S","family":"Sturt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4019-7456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily L","family":"Webb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Himschoot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Comfort R","family":"Phiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zambart, Lusaka, Zambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyce","family":"Mapani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Livingstone Central Hospital, Livingstone, Zambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maina","family":"Mudenda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Livingstone Central Hospital, Livingstone, Zambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eyrun F","family":"Kjetland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Mweene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zambart, Lusaka, Zambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Levecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Parasitology, and Immunology, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Govert J","family":"van Dam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul L A M","family":"Corstjens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Ayles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK"},{"name":"Zambart, Lusaka, Zambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisette","family":"van Lieshout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the 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