{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T08:26:17Z","timestamp":1770711977412,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The incidence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is increasing in the United States; however, there are limited data on anatomic site\u2013specific GC\/CT among people with HIV (PWH).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We reviewed records of all PWH in care between January 1, 2014, and November 16, 2018, at 4 sites in the CFAR Network of Integrated Clinical Systems Cohort (CNICS; n\u2009=\u20098455). We calculated anatomic site\u2013specific GC\/CT testing and incidence rates and used Cox proportional hazards models modified for recurrent events to examine sociodemographic and clinical predictors of GC\/CT testing and incidence at urogenital, rectal, and pharyngeal sites. We also calculated site-specific number needed to test (NNT) to detect a positive GC\/CT test.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of 8455 PWH, 2460 (29.1%) had at least yearly GC\/CT testing at any anatomic site. The rates of urogenital, rectal, and pharyngeal GC were 1.7 (95% CI, 1.6\u20131.9), 3.2 (95% CI, 3.0\u20133.5), and 2.7 (95% CI, 2.5\u20132.9) infections per 100 person-years, respectively. The rates of urogenital, rectal, and pharyngeal CT were 1.9 (95% CI, 1.7\u20132.1), 4.3 (95% CI, 4.0\u20134.5), and 0.9 (95% CI, 0.8\u20131.0) infections per 100 person-years, respectively. PWH 16\u201339 years old experienced greater GC\/CT rates at all anatomic sites, while men who have sex with men experienced greater rates of extragenital infections. NNTs for urogenital, rectal, and pharyngeal GC\/CT were 20 (95% CI, 19\u201321), 5 (95% CI, 5\u20135), and 9 (95% CI, 8\u20139), respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Many PWH are not tested annually for GC\/CT, and rates of GC\/CT infection, particularly rates of extragenital infections, are high. We identified groups of PWH who may benefit from increased site-specific GC\/CT testing.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T02:40:25Z","timestamp":1655433625000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Anatomic Site\u2013Specific Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Testing and Incidence Among People With HIV Engaged in Care at 4 US Clinical Centers, 2014\u20132018"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4154-7718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy W","family":"Menza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon , USA"},{"name":"Oregon Health Authority , Portland, Oregon , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen A","family":"Berry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Dombrowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington School of Medicine , Seattle, Washington , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Cachay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California \u2013 San Diego School of Medicine , San Diego, California , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heidi M","family":"Crane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington School of Medicine , Seattle, Washington , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mari M","family":"Kitahata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington School of Medicine , Seattle, Washington , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth H","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts , USA"},{"name":"Fenway Health , Boston, Massachusetts , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022072109482693100_ofac298-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr7004a1","article-title":"Sexually transmitted infections treatment guidelines, 2021","volume":"70","author":"Workowski","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"2022072109482693100_ofac298-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000695","article-title":"Sexually transmitted infection testing of HIV-positive Medicare and Medicaid enrollees falls short of guidelines","volume":"45","author":"Landovitz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sex Transm 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