{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T19:25:16Z","timestamp":1780773916113,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science and Technological Supports Project of Sichuan Province","award":["2020YFS0135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFS0135"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013365","name":"West China Hospital, Sichuan University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ZYGD20009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZYGD20009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013365","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease caused by Leishmania spp. and spreads through sandfly bites. Owing to the wide range of nonspecific clinical symptoms, patients with leishmaniasis are frequently misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study participants were 7 metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS)\u2013diagnosed patients with leishmaniasis who could not be diagnosed using conventional methods. Clinical data were retrospectively collected and analyzed. When searching PubMed for mNGS and leishmaniasis, 8 peer-reviewed case reports in English were retrieved.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 7 patients with recurrent fever, pancytopenia, and significant splenomegaly were included in this study. Only 3 individuals tested positive for rK39. Two individuals, 1 of whom was HIV-positive, had Leishmania amastigotes identified in their bone marrow. However, all patients\u2019 blood mNGS findings pointed to Leishmania infection, and they were finally diagnosed with leishmaniasis. Sodium stibogluconate therapy with a short course of amphotericin B was administered to all patients. The prognosis for the remaining patients was good, except for 1 who died of multiple organ failure.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>mNGS could be used to identify leishmaniasis, particularly in patients who are difficult to diagnose using conventional approaches.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T06:16:15Z","timestamp":1665468975000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Value of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in Leishmaniasis Diagnosis: A Case Series and Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Ning","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanji","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Libo","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , 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