{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T23:51:21Z","timestamp":1794009081738,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,4]],"date-time":"2023-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009418","name":"Nordsj\u00e6llands Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009418","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007696","name":"Oticon Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007696","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010809","name":"Jascha Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Tvergaards Foundation"},{"name":"Helene Rudes Foundation"},{"name":"Kaptain L\u00f8jtnant Harald Jense"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hearing loss and deafness are well-known sequelae from bacterial meningitis (ABM) and may result in social dysfunction and learning difficulties. Yet, the timely development of hearing loss and restitution is poorly studied, especially among adults. Hearing loss was revisited using otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) to determine the occurrence, magnitude, and development of hearing loss among adults with ABM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Distortion product OAEs were measured in patients with ABM the day of admission and days 2, 3, 5\u20137, and 10\u201314 and at follow-up 30\u201360\u2005days after discharge. Frequencies were categorized as low (1, 1.5, 2 kHz), mid (3, 4, 5 kHz), mid-high (6, 7, 8 kHz), and high (9, 10 kHz). Audiometry was performed on discharge and 60\u2005days after. Results were compared with 158 healthy controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>OAE was obtained in 32 patients. ABM was due to S. pneumoniae in 12 patients (38%). All patients were treated with dexamethasone. OAE emission threshold levels (ETLs) were significantly decreased upon admission and at follow-up in all frequencies compared with healthy controls. A substantial and significant decrease in ETLs was found in S. pneumoniae meningitis. Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) &amp;gt;20\u2005dB was present in 13 of 23 (57%) at discharge and in 11 of 18 patients (61%) 60\u2005days after discharge. Hearing recovery decreased from day 3.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hearing loss in ABM still affects &amp;gt;60% of patients despite treatment with dexamethasone. In S. pneumoniae meningitis, SNHL is profound and permanent. A window of opportunity for systemic or local treatments aiming to preserve cochlear function is proposed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofad056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,4]],"date-time":"2023-02-04T05:20:19Z","timestamp":1675488019000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Hearing Loss in Bacterial Meningitis Revisited\u2014Evolution and Recovery"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Elisa Skovgaard","family":"Jensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nordsj\u00e6llands Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Hiller\u00f8d , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per","family":"Cay\u00e9-Thomasen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery and Audiology, University Hospital Copenhagen Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen , Denmark"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7398-814X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacob","family":"Bodilsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Aalborg , Aalborg , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0841-8255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrik","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Aalborg , Aalborg , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lennart","family":"Friis-Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Copenhagen Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malina","family":"Christiansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nordsj\u00e6llands Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Hiller\u00f8d , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malene","family":"Kirchmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nordsj\u00e6llands Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Hiller\u00f8d , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian Thomas","family":"Brandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Nordsj\u00e6llands Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Hiller\u00f8d , Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Zealand University Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Roskilde , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023030411541715300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198410043111401","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of hearing impairment as a sequela of acute bacterial meningitis","volume":"311","author":"Dodge","year":"1984","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2023030411541715300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03668.x","article-title":"Hearing loss in adults surviving pneumococcal meningitis is associated with otitis and pneumococcal 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