{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T13:19:15Z","timestamp":1770815955775,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696464000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006093","name":"Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HPC-1503-28122)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HPC-1503-28122)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015627","name":"Quest Diagnostics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015627","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Monogram Biosciences"},{"name":"OraSure Technologies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Depressive symptoms are prevalent among people who inject drugs (PWID) and people with hepatitis C virus (HCV). We examined changes in depressive symptoms among HCV-infected PWID following direct-acting antiviral treatments to evaluate whether these changes differed by history of depressive symptoms, substance use, or HCV treatment outcome.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a secondary analysis of the HERO Study (NCT02824640), a pragmatic randomized clinical trial among PWID, to test the effectiveness of HCV care models. Depressive symptoms (primary outcome) were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) at baseline, end of treatment (EOT), and at follow-up 12 and 24 weeks after EOT. Sustained virologic response (SVR) was defined as undetectable HCV RNA at \u226512 weeks following EOT. Baseline drug use was defined as having a positive urine screening test for amphetamine, methamphetamine, benzodiazepine, cocaine, cannabis, opiate, or oxycodone.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The sample (n = 498) was 72.3% male, 64.2% White, and on average 43.9 years old. In patients who achieved SVR (F(3432) = 4.58; P = .004) and those with drug use at baseline (F(3478) = 5.11; P &amp;lt; .01), PHQ-9 scores significantly declined over time, with scores lower at EOT and both follow-ups as compared with baseline. Mean PHQ-9 scores at EOT and follow-ups were significantly lower than at baseline, except for those with no depression or mild depression at baseline.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study showed that HCV treatment in PWID is associated with sustained declines in depression up to 24 weeks post-treatment among those who achieve SVR and that drug use does not interfere with improvement in depressive symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofad498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T01:42:38Z","timestamp":1696556558000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Reduction in Depressive Symptoms in People who Inject Drugs who Are Cured of Hepatitis C Virus Infection: The HERO Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5814-0397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Pericot-Valverde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Snehal S","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shadi","family":"Nahvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center\/Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx, New York , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James F","family":"Thrasher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3038-2751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alison","family":"Karasz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine & Community Health, University of Massachusetts , Worcester, Massachusetts , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lynn E","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island . 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