{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T20:19:12Z","timestamp":1792441152098,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO) is a relatively infrequent but significant infection in pediatric patients. As Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of AHO, intravenous and oral first-generation cephalosporins are common therapies. Cephalexin is a commonly prescribed oral therapy for pediatric AHO, although it requires frequent dosing that may affect adherence. Cefadroxil is a comparable oral first-generation cephalosporin with a more desirable dosing schedule.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We reviewed pediatric patients admitted to Mayo Clinic between March 2002 and September 2020 for management of AHO who received treatment with a first-generation cephalosporin. We reviewed timing of oral therapy transition, therapy-associated adverse effects, and recurrence of disease after completion of therapy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There were 59 patients included in the study. There was similar occurrence of adverse effects in patients receiving cefadroxil and cephalexin, although use of cefadroxil coincided with more gastrointestinal adverse effects and leukopenia and use of cephalexin with more rash and neutropenia. One secondary treatment failure occurred in our study, in a patient receiving cephalexin for treatment of septic arthritis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cefadroxil may be a reasonable alternative oral therapy for methicillin-susceptible S aureus or culture-negative AHO in pediatric patients, particularly when a less frequent dosing schedule is desired. Future study with a larger sample size is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofad610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]],"date-time":"2023-12-13T06:05:07Z","timestamp":1702447507000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["First-Generation Cephalosporins for Treatment of Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis in Children: A Study of Efficacy and Adverse Effects"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4129-0107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Hiskey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiba","family":"Saifuddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Louisiana State University , New Orleans, Louisiana , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily R","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Hentz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9286-2473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nipunie S","family":"Rajapakse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura M","family":"Dinnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth H","family":"Ristagno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023122813152353400_ofad610-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.31486\/toj.18.0138","article-title":"Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in children","volume":"19","author":"Thakolkaran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ochsner J"},{"key":"2023122813152353400_ofad610-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piab027","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline by the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America: 2021 guideline on diagnosis and management of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in pediatrics","volume":"10","author":"Woods","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc"},{"key":"2023122813152353400_ofad610-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bpo.0000242431.91489.b4","article-title":"Changing patterns of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis and septic arthritis: emergence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"26","author":"Arnold","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"2023122813152353400_ofad610-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.6.1376","article-title":"Pediatric Multicenter Pneumococcal Surveillance Study Group. 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