{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:12:24Z","timestamp":1753877544833,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]],"date-time":"2024-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Patients with severe primary immunodeficiency are at risk for complications from live-attenuated vaccines. Here, we report a case of a vaccine-associated paralytic polio and Bacille Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin disease in a 6-month-old girl with severe combined immunodeficiency resulting from homozygous recombinant activating gene 1 deficiency. The patient was successfully treated with intravenous immunoglobulins and oral pocapavir for poliovirus, and antimycobacterial therapy for regional Bacille Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin disease, allowing stem cell transplant. Following transplantation, poliovirus type 3 with 13 mutations was detected from cerebrospinal fluid but not from stool, indicating ongoing viral evolution in the central nervous system despite pocapavir treatment. Clinical improvement and immune reconstitution allowed the patient to be successfully discharged with no further detection of poliovirus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofad678","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T15:52:11Z","timestamp":1705593131000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Stem Cell Transplant in Immune-deficiency\u2013associated Vaccine-derived Poliovirus"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6889-8126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heena","family":"Ranchod","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases , Johannesburg , South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wayne","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases , Johannesburg , South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adele","family":"Roux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr Ad\u00e9le Roux Practice, Life Groenkloof Hospital , Pretoria , South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walda","family":"van Zyl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, National Health Laboratory Services\u2014Tshwane Academic Division , Pretoria , South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pieter","family":"Ekermans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Ampath Laboratories , Pretoria , South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"van den Berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Ampath Laboratories , Pretoria , South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lerato","family":"Seakamela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases , Johannesburg , South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koketso","family":"Makua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases , Johannesburg , South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mukhlid","family":"Yousif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases , Johannesburg , South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Virology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosinah","family":"Sibiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases , Johannesburg , South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heleen","family":"Du Plessis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases , Johannesburg , South 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Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Reynders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria , Pretoria , South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Hincks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ViroDefense , Chevy Chase, Maryland , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melinda S","family":"Suchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases , Johannesburg , South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolette M","family":"du 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