{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T02:36:10Z","timestamp":1791513370366,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Insitute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5R37AI098472"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5R37AI098472"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Injectable cabotegravir (CAB)\/rilpivirine (RPV) is the only combination long-acting (LA) antiretroviral regimen approved for HIV. RPV may not be effective among individuals with non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance, which has &amp;gt;10% prevalence in many countries. Lenacapavir (LEN) is an LA capsid inhibitor given every 6 months, but has not been studied in combination with other LA agents.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We assembled a case series from 4 US academic medical centers where patients with adherence challenges were prescribed LEN subcutaneously every 26 weeks\/CAB (+\/\u2212 RPV) intramuscularly every 4 or 8 weeks. Descriptive statistics, including viral load (VL) outcomes, were summarized.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>All patients (n = 34: 76% male; 24% cis\/trans female; 41% Black; 38% Latino\/a; median age [range], 47 [28\u201375] years; 29% and 71% on CAB every 4 or 8 weeks) reported challenges adhering to oral ART. The reasons for using LEN\/CAB with or without RPV were documented or suspected NNRTI mutations (n = 21, 59%), integrase mutations (n = 5, 15%), high VL (n = 6, 18%), or continued viremia on CAB\/RPV alone (n = 4, 12%). Injection site reactions on LA LEN were reported in 44% (32% grade I, 12% grade 2). All patients but 2 (32\/34; 94%) were suppressed (VL &amp;lt;75\u2005copies\/mL) after starting LEN at a median (range) of 8 (4\u201316) weeks, with 16\/34 (47%) suppressed at baseline.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this case series of 34 patients on LEN\/CAB, high rates of virologic suppression (94%) were observed. Reasons for using LEN\/CAB included adherence challenges and underlying resistance, mostly to NNRTIs. These data support a clinical trial of LEN\/CAB among persons with NNRTI resistance.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofae125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T19:12:01Z","timestamp":1713294721000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Case Series of People With HIV on the Long-Acting Combination of Lenacapavir and Cabotegravir: Call for a Trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7025-1994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego (UCSD) , San Diego, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Grochowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Specialty Pharmacy, MetroHealth Medical Center , Cleveland, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine A","family":"Koss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Mayorga-Munoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jon","family":"Oskarsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Shiels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Avery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, MetroHealth Medical Center, and Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) , Cleveland, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Bamford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego (UCSD) , San Diego, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5702-5848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jillian","family":"Baron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn) , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William R","family":"Short","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn) , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corrilynn O","family":"Hileman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, MetroHealth Medical Center, and Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) , Cleveland, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024041614140283200_ofae125-B1","article-title":"Behavioral and clinical characteristics of persons with diagnosed HIV infection\u2014Medical Monitoring Project, United States, 2020 cycle (June 2020\u2013May 2021)","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)"},{"key":"2024041614140283200_ofae125-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e766","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(21)00265-4","article-title":"Global estimates of viral suppression in children and adolescents and adults on antiretroviral therapy adjusted for missing viral load measurements: a multiregional, retrospective cohort study in 31 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