{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T20:17:56Z","timestamp":1771532276921,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]],"date-time":"2024-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Research Design Methods Core","award":["UL1TR002553"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR002553"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The optimal duration and choice of antibiotic for fracture-related infection (FRI) is not well defined. This study aimed to determine whether antibiotic duration (\u22646 vs &amp;gt;6 weeks) is associated with infection- and surgery-free survival. The secondary aim was to ascertain risk factors associated with surgery- and infection-free survival.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We performed a multicenter retrospective study of patients diagnosed with FRI between 2013 and 2022. The association between antibiotic duration and surgery- and infection-free survival was assessed by Cox proportional hazard models. Models were weighted by the inverse of the propensity score, calculated with a priori variables of hardware removal; infection due to Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus lugdunensis, Pseudomonas or Candida species; and flap coverage. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were run with additional covariates including initial pathogen, need for flap, and hardware removal.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of 96 patients, 54 (56.3%) received \u22646 weeks of antibiotics and 42 (43.7%) received &amp;gt;6 weeks. There was no association between longer antibiotic duration and surgery-free survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.95; 95% CI, .65\u20131.38; P = .78) or infection-free survival (HR, 0.77; 95% CI, .30\u20131.96; P = .58). Negative culture was associated with increased hazard of reoperation or death (HR, 3.52; 95% CI, 1.99\u20136.20; P &amp;lt; .001) and reinfection or death (HR, 3.71; 95% CI, 1.24\u201311.09; P &amp;lt; .001). Need for flap coverage had an increased hazard of reoperation or death (HR, 3.24; 95% CI, 1.61\u20136.54; P = .001).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The ideal duration of antibiotics to treat FRI is unclear. In this multicenter study, there was no association between antibiotic treatment duration and surgery- or infection-free survival.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofae262","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]],"date-time":"2024-05-06T17:43:56Z","timestamp":1715017436000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Multisite Study of the Management of Musculoskeletal Infection After Trauma: The MMUSKIT Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7117-513X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Seidelman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alaina S","family":"Ritter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Poehlein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, School of Medicine, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cynthia L","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, School of Medicine, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Damon V","family":"Briggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tristan","family":"Chari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aaron D","family":"Therien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra Hunter","family":"Aitchison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiera","family":"Lunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian F","family":"Zirbes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tanvi","family":"Manohar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana V","family":"Rijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer E","family":"Hagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael T","family":"Talerico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malcolm R","family":"DeBaun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian A","family":"Pean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Certain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra B","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts , USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical 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