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Patients with cancer are at increased risk for bacteremia with NFF enterococci, but their clinical and molecular epidemiology have not been extensively described.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective review of all patients (n = 70) with NFF bacteremia from 2016 to 2022 at a major cancer center. The main outcomes assessed were 30-day mortality, microbiological failure (positive blood cultures for \u22654 days), and recurrence of bacteremia (positive blood culture &amp;lt;14 days after clearance). Whole-genome sequencing was performed on all available NFF (n = 65).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with hematological malignancies made up 56% of the cohort (77% had leukemia). The majority of solid malignancies (87%) were gastrointestinal in origin. The majority of infections (83%) originated from an intra-abdominal source. The most common NFF species were E. gallinarum (50%) and E. casseliflavus (30%). Most (61%) patients received combination therapy. Bacteremia recurred in 4.3% of patients, there was a 30-day mortality of 23%, and 4.3% had microbiological failure. E. gallinarum and E. casseliflavus isolates were genetically diverse with no spatiotemporal clustering to suggest a single strain. Frequencies of ampicillin resistance (4.3%) and daptomycin resistance (1.9%) were low. Patients with hematologic malignancy had infections with NFF enterococci that harbored more resistance genes than patients with solid malignancy (P = .005).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NFF bacteremia is caused by a heterogeneous population of isolates and is associated with significant mortality. Hematological malignancy is an important risk factor for infection with NFF resistant to multiple antibiotics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofae288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T16:50:41Z","timestamp":1715791841000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical Features and Genomic Epidemiology of Bloodstream Infections due to Enterococcal Species Other Than\n                    <i>Enterococcus faecalis<\/i>\n                    or\n                    <i>E. faecium<\/i>\n                    in Patients With Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Dierdre B","family":"Axell-House","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital , Houston, Texas , USA"},{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute , Houston, Texas , USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York City, New York , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrycja A","family":"Ashley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital , Houston, Texas , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie L","family":"Egge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital , Houston, Texas , USA"},{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute , Houston, Texas , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Truc T","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute , Houston, Texas , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Pedroza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston , Houston, Texas , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston , Houston, Texas , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"An Q","family":"Dinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute , Houston, Texas , USA"},{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston , Houston, Texas , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shelby 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