{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T13:40:28Z","timestamp":1783086028397,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common pathogen associated with bloodstream infections, respiratory infections, peritonitis, infective endocarditis, and meningitis. Literature assessing duration of antibiotic therapy for a S pneumoniae bacteremia secondary to common infection is scarce, leading to variability in practice. Therefore, this study evaluated the effectiveness of short (5\u201310 days) versus long (11\u201316 days) antibiotic durations for S pneumoniae bacteremia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This retrospective, single-center cohort study assessed hospitalized patients with S pneumoniae\u2013positive blood cultures, who received active antibiotics within 48 hours of first positive blood culture collection and achieved clinical stability by day 10 of the first positive blood culture collection. Exclusion criteria included treatment duration &amp;lt;5 or &amp;gt;16 days, death before completion of 10 days of therapy, polymicrobial bloodstream infection, and invasive infection. Rates of clinical failure (composite of 30-day hospital readmission, bacteremia recurrence, and mortality) were compared between the groups.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 162 patients were included, with 51 patients in the short- and 111 patients in the long-duration group. Pneumonia was the suspected source of bacteremia in 90.1% of patients. Rates of clinical failure were not significantly different between the 2 groups. Patients received a median antibiotic course of 7 days in the short group compared to 14 days in the long group; however, there was no significant difference observed in the median hospital length of stay, median intensive care unit length of stay, or rate of Clostridioides difficile infection.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Shorter antibiotic courses may be appropriate in patients with S pneumoniae bacteremia secondary to community-acquired pneumonia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofae478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T10:04:14Z","timestamp":1724925854000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Short Versus Long Antibiotic Duration in <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/i> Bacteremia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6353-2958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Crotty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Methodist Dallas Medical Center , Dallas, Texas ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2641-5648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hadley","family":"Devall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Methodist Dallas Medical Center , Dallas, Texas ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Methodist Dallas Medical Center , Dallas, Texas ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Methodist Dallas Medical Center , Dallas, Texas ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Methodist Dallas Medical Center , Dallas, Texas ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1345-950X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leigh","family":"Hunter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Methodist Dallas Medical Center , Dallas, Texas ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Dominguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organ Transplant Infectious Diseases, Methodist Transplant Specialists, Methodist Dallas Medical Center , Dallas, Texas ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024092714534635700_ofae478-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00355-19","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00355-19","article-title":"The microbiology of bloodstream infection: 20-year trends from the SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program","volume":"63","author":"Diekema","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2024092714534635700_ofae478-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2021.1858799","article-title":"Predictors of mortality in invasive pneumococcal disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"Demirdal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"key":"2024092714534635700_ofae478-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e45","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201908-1581ST","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia. An official clinical practice guideline of the American Thoracic Society and Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"200","author":"Metlay","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2024092714534635700_ofae478-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix767","article-title":"Comparing the outcomes of adults with Enterobacteriaceae bacteremia receiving short-course versus prolonged-course antibiotic therapy in a multicenter, propensity score-matched cohort","volume":"66","author":"Chotiprasitsakul","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024092714534635700_ofae478-B5","volume-title":"Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. 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