{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T21:37:51Z","timestamp":1769722671898,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RP-2017-08-ST2-012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP-2017-08-ST2-012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Global Health Research"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The role of computed tomography (CT) before lumbar puncture (LP) is unclear, with limited evidence for a causal link between LP and cerebral herniation or for the ability of CT to identify individuals at risk of herniation. The risks of LP delay or deferral are potentially greater in high\u2013HIV prevalence, resource-limited settings; we analyzed data from such a setting to determine the impact of CT on time to LP and treatment, as well as mortality.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Adults with suspected central nervous system (CNS) infection were enrolled prospectively into the Botswana National Meningitis Survey between 2016 and 2019. Inpatient mortality and clinical data including time of treatment initiation and CT were captured from medical records. Associations between preceding CT and outcomes were assessed using logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>LPs were performed in 711 patients with suspected CNS infection; 27% had a CT before LP, and 73% were HIV positive. Time from admission to LP and time from admission to appropriate treatment were significantly longer in patients who had a CT before LP compared with those who did not (2.8 hours and 13.2 hours, respectively). There was some evidence for treatment delays being associated with increased mortality; however, there was no significant difference in mortality between those who had or did not have CT.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients who had a CT had delays to diagnostic LP and initiation of appropriate treatment; although treatment delays were associated with increased mortality, our observational study could not demonstrate a causal association between delays in diagnosis and treatment introduced by CT and mortality.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofae565","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T17:25:53Z","timestamp":1727371553000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Computed Tomography of the Head Before Lumbar Puncture in Adults With Suspected Meningitis in High\u2013HIV Prevalence Settings"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9885-6103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Milburn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana Harvard Health Partnership , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher G","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana Harvard Health Partnership , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kwana","family":"Lechiile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana Harvard Health Partnership , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keatlaretse","family":"Siamisang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana Harvard Health Partnership , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leah","family":"Owen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana-UPenn Partnership , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ezekiel","family":"Gwakuba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Professions, University of Botswana , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thandi","family":"Milton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana-UPenn Partnership , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tichaona","family":"Machiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Princess Marina Hospital , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tshepo","family":"Leeme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana Harvard Health Partnership , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannah E","family":"Barton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana-UPenn Partnership , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ponego","family":"Ponatshego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana Harvard Health Partnership , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaelo K","family":"Seatla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana Harvard Health Partnership , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerald","family":"Boitshepo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Botswana , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachita","family":"Suresh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana Harvard Health Partnership , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ikanyeng","family":"Rulaganyang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana-UPenn Partnership , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Hurt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana-UPenn Partnership , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Ensor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana Harvard Health Partnership , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kebatshabile","family":"Ngoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana Harvard Health Partnership , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronan","family":"Doyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8001-6544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Grint","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and International Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Wallace T","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Botswana , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark W","family":"Tenforde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana-UPenn Partnership , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madisa","family":"Mine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health Laboratory , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0835-9504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David M","family":"Goldfarb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia , Vancouver ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Mokomane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Professions, University of Botswana , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph N","family":"Jarvis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana Harvard Health Partnership , Gaborone ,","place":["Botswana"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(23)00195-3","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of meningitis and its aetiologies, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"22","author":"GBD 2019 Meningitis Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16074","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.74","article-title":"Community-acquired bacterial meningitis","volume":"2","author":"Van De Beek","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2017.04.032","article-title":"Emergency medicine myths: computed tomography of the head prior to lumbar puncture in adults with suspected bacterial meningitis\u2014due diligence or antiquated practice?","volume":"53","author":"April","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trab124","article-title":"A qualitative study of patient, caregiver, doctor and nurse views of factors influencing lumbar puncture uptake in Zambia","volume":"116","author":"Elafros","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.22-0699","article-title":"Patient, provider, and health systems factors leading to lumbar puncture nonperformance in Zambia: a qualitative investigation of the \u201cTap Gap.\u201d","volume":"108","author":"Saylor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix240","article-title":"Cranial imaging before lumbar puncture in adults with community-acquired meningitis: clinical utility and adherence to the Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines","volume":"64","author":"Salazar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix806","article-title":"Lumbar puncture performed promptly or after neuroimaging in acute bacterial meningitis in adults: a prospective national cohort study evaluating different guidelines","volume":"66","author":"Glim\u00e5ker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200204183461615","article-title":"Cranial CT before lumbar puncture in suspected meningitis","volume":"346","author":"Kastenbauer","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2016.1269265","article-title":"Use of intracranial pressure monitoring in bacterial meningitis: a 10-year follow up on outcome and intracranial pressure versus head CT scans","volume":"49","author":"Larsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infect Dis (Lond)"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy200","article-title":"Cranial computed tomography, lumbar puncture, and clinical deterioration in bacterial meningitis: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"67","author":"Costerus","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2009.075598","article-title":"Effect of delayed lumbar punctures on the diagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis in adults","volume":"27","author":"Michael","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.07.026","article-title":"Impact of an evidence-based guideline on the management of community-acquired bacterial meningitis: a prospective cohort study","volume":"22","author":"Costerus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e062698","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-062698","article-title":"Clinical management of community-acquired meningitis in adults in the UK and Ireland in 2017: a retrospective cohort study on behalf of the National Infection Trainees Collaborative for Audit and Research (NITCAR)","volume":"12","author":"Ellis","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ011","article-title":"Adult bacterial meningitis: earlier treatment and improved outcome following guideline revision promoting prompt lumbar puncture","volume":"60","author":"Glimaker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1097\/00019048-200201000-00015","article-title":"Computed tomography of the head before lumbar puncture in adults with suspected meningitis","volume":"11","author":"Hasbun","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin Pract"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.01.007","article-title":"The UK joint specialist societies guideline on the diagnosis and management of acute meningitis and meningococcal sepsis in immunocompetent adults","volume":"72","author":"McGill","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007","article-title":"ESCMID guideline: diagnosis and treatment of acute bacterial meningitis","volume":"22","author":"van de Beek","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30387-9","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of meningitis, 1990\u20132016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016","volume":"17","author":"GBD 2016 Meningitis Collaborators","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30243-8","article-title":"Global burden of disease of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: an updated analysis","volume":"17","author":"Rajasingham","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70139-X","article-title":"The diagnosis and management of acute bacterial meningitis in resource-poor settings","volume":"7","author":"Scarborough","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B21","author":"Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS (UNAIDS)"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2019.06.013","article-title":"Epidemiology of adult meningitis during antiretroviral therapy scale-up in Southern Africa: results from the Botswana National Meningitis Survey","volume":"79","author":"Tenforde","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30066-0","article-title":"Mortality in adult patients with culture-positive and culture-negative meningitis in the Botswana National Meningitis Survey: a prevalent cohort study","volume":"19","author":"Tenforde","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70138-9","article-title":"Tuberculous meningitis: a uniform case definition for use in clinical research","volume":"10","author":"Marais","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2013.07.004","article-title":"CT before lumbar puncture in suspected meningitis in Botswana: how established guidelines may not apply","volume":"4","author":"Kestler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Afr J Emerg Med"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap)\u2014a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208","article-title":"The REDCap Consortium: building an international community of software platform partners","volume":"95","author":"Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2012.12.016","article-title":"The ability of the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) to discriminate patients at risk of early cardiac arrest, unanticipated intensive care unit admission, and death","volume":"84","author":"Smith","year":"2013","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1711-z","article-title":"Time to antibiotic therapy and outcome in bacterial meningitis: a Danish population-based cohort study","volume":"16","author":"Bodilsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-10-67","article-title":"Adult meningitis in a setting of high HIV and TB prevalence: findings from 4961 suspected cases","volume":"10","author":"Jarvis","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu057","article-title":"Bacterial meningitis in Malawian adults, adolescents, and children during the era of antiretroviral scale-up and Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccination, 2000\u20132012","volume":"58","author":"Wall","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e3181a590f1","article-title":"Predictors for outcome and treatment delay in patients with tuberculous meningitis","volume":"338","author":"Sheu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2023.03.013","article-title":"Factors associated with treatment delay and outcome in community acquired bacterial meningitis","volume":"7","author":"Hovmand","year":"2023","journal-title":"IJID Reg"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2009.06.011","article-title":"British Infection Society guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis of the central nervous system in adults and children","volume":"59","author":"Thwaites","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2008.09.033","article-title":"Antibiotic treatment delay and outcome in acute bacterial meningitis","volume":"57","author":"K\u00f8ster-Rasmussen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofab345","article-title":"Tuberculous meningitis: impact of timing of treatment initiation on mortality","volume":"8","author":"Soria","year":"2021","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1086\/425368","article-title":"Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis","volume":"39","author":"Tunkel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024102921291974700_ofae565-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00499-6","article-title":"The global burden of HIV-associated cryptococcal infection in adults in 2020: a modelling analysis","volume":"22","author":"Rajasingham","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Open Forum Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ofid\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofae565\/59357611\/ofae565.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ofid\/article-pdf\/11\/10\/ofae565\/60198711\/ofae565.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ofid\/article-pdf\/11\/10\/ofae565\/60198711\/ofae565.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T21:29:40Z","timestamp":1730237380000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ofid\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofae565\/7777152"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofae565","relation":{},"ISSN":["2328-8957"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2328-8957","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]]},"article-number":"ofae565"}}