{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T20:38:28Z","timestamp":1777408708740,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"an investigator-initiated research study"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Timely treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) reduces risks of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Gaps in timely treatment persist, especially among underserved safety-net populations. We aim to evaluate gaps and disparities in CHB treatment in the United States.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Adults with treatment-naive CHB without human immunodeficiency virus were identified from 2010 to 2018 across 3 safety-net health systems. CHB treatment eligibility was assessed using American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) criteria and alternative criteria, including the Simplified Approach for Hepatitis B Algorithm. Differences in CHB treatment between groups were evaluated using \u03c72 methods, adjusted Kaplan-Meier methods, and adjusted Cox proportional hazards models.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among 3749 patients with treatment-naive CHB (51.5% women, 38.7% White, 33.7% African American, 19.6% Asian, 24.6% cirrhosis), 30.0% were AASLD treatment eligible, among whom 31.0% were treated. Men were more likely than women to be treated (33.5% vs 26.6%, P &amp;lt; .01). On multivariable regression, there remained a trend toward greater treatment in men versus women (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.21 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .96\u20131.54]). Disparities by race\/ethnicity and insurance status were observed. When exploring outcomes using SABA criteria, similar trends were observed. Among treatment-eligible patients, greater likelihood of treatment was observed in men versus women (aHR, 1.40 [95% CI, 1.14\u20131.70]) and in Asians versus Whites (aHR, 1.50 [95% CI, 1.16\u20131.94]).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among an ethnically diverse multicenter safety-net cohort of CHB patients, less than one-third of treatment-eligible patients received antiviral treatment. Significant disparities in CHB treatment were observed by sociodemographic characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofae571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T09:42:07Z","timestamp":1727775727000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Sociodemographic Disparities in Hepatitis B Treatment: A Real-World Analysis of 3 Safety-Net Health Systems in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8923-2806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert J","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Palo Alto, California ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Gastroenterology Section, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System , Palo Alto, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mamta K","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern and Parkland Health and Hospital System , Dallas, Texas ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bolin","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MetroHealth System , Cleveland, Ohio ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Therapondos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multi-Organ Transplant Institute, Ochsner Health System , New Orleans, Louisiana ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Onkar","family":"Kshirsagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Technology and Practice Patterns Institute , Bethesda, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mae","family":"Thamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Technology and Practice Patterns Institute , Bethesda, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102921301842100_ofae571-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(23)00197-8","article-title":"Global prevalence, cascade of care, and prophylaxis coverage of hepatitis B in 2022: a modelling study","volume":"8","author":"Polaris Observatory Collaborators.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2024102921301842100_ofae571-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31782","article-title":"An updated assessment of chronic hepatitis B prevalence among foreign-born persons living in the United 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2016\u20132019","volume":"61","author":"Pham","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"2024102921301842100_ofae571-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e237018","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.7018","article-title":"Racial disparities in treatment initiation and outcomes of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in North America","volume":"6","author":"Khalili","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2024102921301842100_ofae571-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000001530","article-title":"Low rates of hepatitis B virus treatment among treatment-eligible patients in safety-net health systems","volume":"56","author":"Wong","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2024102921301842100_ofae571-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.10.003","article-title":"Low rates of linkage and retention into care among patients with chronic HBV 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