{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T11:26:13Z","timestamp":1788866773894,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are a major public health concern in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to limited diagnostic and treatment resources, leading to high morbidity and mortality. Despite their significant global burden, IFIs are underrecognized and underdiagnosed in LMICs. This study evaluates the diagnostic and therapeutic capacities for managing IFI in Honduras, a country with unique health care challenges.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From March to December 2023, a comprehensive survey was conducted across multiple health care centers in Honduras. The survey, reviewed for content and clarity by local medical institutions, targeted medical microbiologists and clinicians to assess various aspects of fungal disease diagnosis and treatment. Data included the availability and use of diagnostic tools and antifungal therapies, identifying gaps and limitations in current practices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The survey revealed that Candida spp (97.4%) and Aspergillus spp (35.9%) were the most concerning pathogens. Although microscopy and culture methods were available in most institutions, their application in suspected IFI cases was inconsistent, and antifungal susceptibility testing was rarely performed. Advanced diagnostic techniques, such as antigen detection, were available in only a few institutions, while antibody detection and polymerase chain reaction testing were entirely absent. All hospitals had access to at least 1 triazole antifungal, typically fluconazole, but there was a notable scarcity of more potent antifungals, including amphotericin B formulations and echinocandins. The limited use of available diagnostic tools and the restricted availability of essential antifungals were identified as major barriers to effective IFI management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study highlights significant gaps in the diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities for managing IFI in Honduras. The underutilization of basic diagnostic tools, the inaccessibility of advanced testing methods, and the limited availability of essential antifungal medications underscore the urgent need for capacity-building initiatives, infrastructure improvements, and policy reforms. Addressing these deficiencies is critical for enhancing the management of IFI in Honduras, with broader implications for similar LMIC settings. These findings can inform targeted interventions and resource allocation to improve outcomes for patients with IFI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofae578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T15:20:53Z","timestamp":1727709653000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Strengthening Fungal Infection Diagnosis and Treatment: An In-depth Analysis of Capabilities in Honduras"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8328-244X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryan","family":"Ortiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de Honduras , Tegucigalpa ,","place":["Honduras"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3243-739X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana","family":"Varela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Infectolog\u00eda, Servicio de Atenci\u00f3n Integral de Pacientes con VIH, Hospital Escuela , Tegucigalpa ,","place":["Honduras"]},{"name":"Instituto de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias Antonio Vidal , Tegucigalpa ,","place":["Honduras"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9756-4520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gustavo","family":"Fontecha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de Honduras , Tegucigalpa 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Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf and Excellence Center for Medical Mycology, University of Cologne , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Clinical Trials Centre Cologne, University of Cologne , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6766-8297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jon","family":"Salmanton-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Translational Research, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology 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